帽儿山不同林龄落叶阔叶林土壤微生物生物量及其季节动态

发布时间：2018-10-23 19:02

【摘要】：土壤微生物在生态系统生物地球化学循环过程中扮演着重要角色,对于受到干扰后退化土壤的肥力恢复具有重要的意义,然而,采伐后次生林发展过程中土壤微生物生物量的动态尚不明确。在帽儿山森林生态站的落叶阔叶林中设置了一个由采伐后0年(采伐迹地)、10年、25年、56年的林分构成林龄系列样地,采用氯仿熏蒸浸提法,在生长季期间(4 10月)每月测定各林分土壤微生物生物量碳含量(C_(mic))、微生物生物量氮含量(N_(mic))、土壤可溶性有机碳含量(Cdis)、可溶性全氮含量(Ndis)、土壤含水率、温度等因子,以探索采伐干扰后不同林龄林分土壤微生物生物量的时间动态及其影响因子。结果表明:(1)不同林龄林分土壤微生物生物量生长季均值差异显著,C_(mic)表现为56年和采伐迹地显著高于25年和10年林分;N_(mic)表现为采伐迹地、56年显著高于10年林分,25年林分居中;C_(mic)/N_(mic)表现为56年、10年林分显著高于25年林分、采伐迹地。(2)采伐迹地微生物生物量季节变化格局与其他3个林龄林分的差异主要体现在生长季后期,前者表现为降低,而后者表现为升高或变化不明显;10年、25年、56年林分C_(mic)、N_(mic)季节变化格局的差异主要体现在生长季前期,变化幅度随林龄增长而降低;4个林龄林分C_(mic)/N_(mic)季节变化均表现为"W"形。(3)土壤微生物生物量的主要影响因子随林龄而变:随林龄增长,C_(mic)、N_(mic)的影响因子由土壤含水率(采伐迹地、10年生)逐渐转变为土壤可溶性养分含量(10年、25年、56年林分);采伐迹地C_(mic)/N_(mic)影响因子为土壤温度和Cdis,其他3个林龄林分则为Cdis/Ndis。这些结果说明:在采伐干扰后的次生林发展过程中,植被组成和土壤理化性质不断变化,提高了土壤微生物生物量,进而改善了土壤养分状况,显示出地上植被变化与地下微生物动态的密切联系。
[Abstract]:Soil microorganisms play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle of ecosystem and play an important role in fertility restoration of degraded soil after disturbance. However, The dynamics of soil microbial biomass during the development of secondary forest after cutting is not clear. In the deciduous broad-leaved forest of Maoershan Forest Ecological Station, a series of forest age plots composed of forest stands of 10 years, 25 years and 56 years after harvesting were set up, and chloroform fumigation extraction method was used. Soil microbial biomass carbon content (C _ (mic), microbial biomass nitrogen content) (N _ (mic), soil soluble organic carbon content (Cdis), soluble total nitrogen content (Ndis), soil moisture content temperature and other factors) were measured monthly during the growing season (April to October). To explore the time dynamics and influencing factors of soil microbial biomass in different stand ages after felling disturbance. The results are as follows: (1) the seasonal mean of soil microbial biomass growth in different stand ages is significantly different, C _ (mic) is significantly higher than that in 25 and 10 years stands, C _ (mic) is significantly higher than that in 25 and 10 years stands, and N _ (mic) is higher than that in 10 years stand, and C _ (mic) is higher than that in 10 years stand, 25 years stand. During stand separation, C _ (mic) / N _ (mic) showed 56 years, 10 years stand was significantly higher than 25 years stand, (2) the seasonal variation pattern of microbial biomass in the cutting area was mainly different from the other three stands in the late growing season, and the former showed a decrease in the former. The difference of seasonal variation pattern of C _ (mic), N _ (mic) in 10 years, 25 years and 56 years was mainly reflected in the early growing season. The seasonal variation of C _ (mic) / N _ (mic) in 4 stands showed a "W" shape. (3) the main influencing factors of soil microbial biomass varied with the age of the forest. With the increase of forest age, the influence factors of C _ (mic), N _ (mic) were determined by soil moisture content (harvesting water content). The soil soluble nutrient content (10 years, 25 years, 56 years stand) was gradually transformed into soil soluble nutrient content, while the influence factors of C _ (mic) / N _ (mic) were soil temperature and the other three stand age stands of Cdis, were Cdis/Ndis.. These results indicate that during the development of secondary forest after cutting disturbance, the composition of vegetation and physical and chemical properties of soil are constantly changing, the soil microbial biomass is improved, and the soil nutrient status is improved. It is shown that there is a close relationship between aboveground vegetation change and underground microbial dynamics.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学生态研究中心;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目(2011BAD37B01) 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R09)
【分类号】：S714.3

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