全球农业旱灾脆弱性及其空间分布特征
发布时间：2018-10-25 16:04
【摘要】：农业旱灾脆弱性是农业旱灾风险的重要组成部分,量化农业旱灾脆弱性并辨识其空间分布特征,有助于有效预防和减轻旱灾的影响.本文以全球农业种植区为研究区域,以小麦、玉米、水稻、大麦、大豆和高粱等6种作物为农业旱灾承灾体,基于0.5°栅格单元在全球尺度上定量评价了农业旱灾脆弱性,揭示了全球农业旱灾脆弱性的分布特征.结果显示,全球不同等级农业旱灾脆弱性面积比例由低脆弱性到极高脆弱性分别是38.96%、28.41%、25.37%和7.26%,其中,极高和高脆弱性区域面积超过了研究区面积的30%.虽然极高和高脆弱性区域主要分布在干旱区和半干旱区,但仍有近40%的极高和高脆弱性面积分布在湿润区和半湿润区,研究区中85%的人口分布在中等和低脆弱性区域,仅有约15%的人口分布在极高和高脆弱性区域.在农业旱灾脆弱性因子中,作物生长季缺水率和灌溉水平是影响区域农业旱灾脆弱性水平的主要因素,降低区域农业旱灾脆弱性的主要途径是调整作物种植时间和种植结构,提高灌溉水平和能力.
[Abstract]:Agricultural drought vulnerability is an important part of agricultural drought risk. Quantifying agricultural drought vulnerability and identifying its spatial distribution characteristics are helpful to effectively prevent and mitigate the effects of drought. In this paper, the agricultural drought vulnerability is quantitatively evaluated on the global scale based on the 0.5 掳grid unit, with wheat, corn, rice, barley, soybean and sorghum as the drought tolerance bodies. The distribution characteristics of global agricultural drought vulnerability are revealed. The results show that the proportion of drought vulnerability area from low vulnerability to extreme vulnerability is 28.41 25.37% and 7.26%, respectively, and the area of extremely high and high vulnerability is more than 30% of the study area. Although very high and highly vulnerable areas are mainly located in arid and semi-arid areas, nearly 40 per cent of the extremely high and highly vulnerable areas are still distributed in humid and sub-humid areas, and 85 per cent of the population in the study areas are in medium and low vulnerability areas, Only about 15 per cent of the population is distributed in extremely high and highly vulnerable areas. Among the agricultural drought vulnerability factors, the water shortage rate and irrigation level of crop growing season are the main factors that affect the regional agricultural drought vulnerability level, and the main way to reduce the regional agricultural drought vulnerability is to adjust the planting time and planting structure. Improve irrigation level and capacity.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室;北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室;北京师范大学地理科学学部;北京师范大学干旱灾害研究中心;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;福州大学环境与资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41671424) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目资助
【分类号】：S423
本文编号：2294181
[Abstract]:Agricultural drought vulnerability is an important part of agricultural drought risk. Quantifying agricultural drought vulnerability and identifying its spatial distribution characteristics are helpful to effectively prevent and mitigate the effects of drought. In this paper, the agricultural drought vulnerability is quantitatively evaluated on the global scale based on the 0.5 掳grid unit, with wheat, corn, rice, barley, soybean and sorghum as the drought tolerance bodies. The distribution characteristics of global agricultural drought vulnerability are revealed. The results show that the proportion of drought vulnerability area from low vulnerability to extreme vulnerability is 28.41 25.37% and 7.26%, respectively, and the area of extremely high and high vulnerability is more than 30% of the study area. Although very high and highly vulnerable areas are mainly located in arid and semi-arid areas, nearly 40 per cent of the extremely high and highly vulnerable areas are still distributed in humid and sub-humid areas, and 85 per cent of the population in the study areas are in medium and low vulnerability areas, Only about 15 per cent of the population is distributed in extremely high and highly vulnerable areas. Among the agricultural drought vulnerability factors, the water shortage rate and irrigation level of crop growing season are the main factors that affect the regional agricultural drought vulnerability level, and the main way to reduce the regional agricultural drought vulnerability is to adjust the planting time and planting structure. Improve irrigation level and capacity.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室;北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室;北京师范大学地理科学学部;北京师范大学干旱灾害研究中心;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;福州大学环境与资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41671424) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目资助
【分类号】：S423
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