宁夏灌区春小麦干热风灾害的时空特征

发布时间：2018-10-29 15:13

【摘要】：为给宁夏灌区春小麦干热风防治提供参考,根据春小麦干热风国家气象行业标准,利用1981-2014年宁夏灌区16个气象站的气象资料,分析了当地春小麦高温低湿型干热风日数和天气过程次数的时空分布特征。结果表明,近34年中干热风日数与天气过程次数均呈上升趋势,且在1995年出现了突变;近24年中6月中旬干热风日数增多,7月下旬减少,干热风日出现的时间提前;2001-2010年干热风日数和天气过程次数最多。在宁夏灌区北部、东部和南部春小麦干热风出现较多,其中大武口最多;春小麦干热风日在宁夏灌区发生的区域呈扩大趋势,但干热风天气过程发生区域2008年前呈扩大趋势,2008年后呈缩小趋势。为了减轻干热风灾害对春小麦的危害,在实际生产中,应采取长期治理生态环境和短期预防相结合的防治措施。
[Abstract]:In order to provide reference for spring wheat dry and hot wind control in Ningxia irrigation area, according to the national meteorological industry standard of spring wheat dry and hot wind, the meteorological data of 16 weather stations in Ningxia irrigation area from 1981 to 2014 were used. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of dry and hot wind days and weather process times of high temperature and low humidity type of spring wheat in local area were analyzed. The results show that the number of dry and hot wind days and the number of weather processes are on the rise in recent 34 years, and there was a sudden change in 1995, and the number of dry hot wind days increased in the middle of June in the last 24 years, decreased in late July, and the time of the dry hot wind days appeared earlier in the last 24 years. The number of dry hot wind days and the number of weather processes were the highest in 2001-2010. In the north, east and south of Ningxia irrigated area, spring wheat dry and hot wind appeared more frequently, of which Dawukou was the most. The area of spring wheat dry and hot wind days in Ningxia irrigation area showed an expansion trend, but the area where the dry and hot wind weather process took place showed an expansion trend before 2008 and a decreasing trend after 2008. In order to reduce the harm of dry and hot wind disaster to spring wheat, long-term ecological environment control and short-term prevention measures should be taken in actual production.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学;石嘴山市惠农区气象局;宁夏气象科学研究所;
【分类号】：S512.12;S42

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