温室自动施肥机的设计与仿真

发布时间：2018-10-29 15:24

【摘要】：精密施肥是精确农业作业体系中的重要环节之一,近年来人们对设施温室精密施肥的要求愈加迫切。该文主要设计一款小型、精准、实用的设施温室自动施肥机。该施肥机采用ARM9 S3C2440微处理器作为电路控制模块的核心,配备料位监测预警装置;采用槽轮式施肥装置,槽轮选择对颗粒肥料具有良好填充和排出效果的锥形圆弧凹槽断面,通过控制步进电动机的脉冲频率控制槽轮转动的圈数,进而控制施肥装置的施肥量。该文利用Solid Works完成施肥机的结构建模,用Simulation对其主要受力部位进行强度校核,验证其结构的可行性;采用EDEM软件对施肥机构的排肥效果进行仿真模拟,验证该施肥装置可以均匀、稳定、连续地将肥料排出施肥装置;建立施肥装置实体模型进行施肥量验证试验,试验结果表明,在5、10、15、20 r/min 4种转速下,试验得到的排肥量实际值与理论值的最大误差为2.42%,小于3%,这说明所设计的施肥装置在不同的转速下仍可以达到较高的排肥精度,可以实现精确施肥的目标。
[Abstract]:Precision fertilization is one of the most important links in precision agriculture. In recent years, the demand for precision fertilization in greenhouse is becoming more and more urgent. This article mainly designs a small, accurate, practical facility greenhouse automatic fertilization machine. The fertilizing machine adopts ARM9 S3C2440 microprocessor as the core of the circuit control module and is equipped with the material level monitoring and warning device. The slot wheel is used to select the conical arc groove section which has good filling and discharging effect to the granular fertilizer. By controlling the pulse frequency of the stepper motor, the number of rotating circles of the slot wheel is controlled, and then the fertilization amount of the fertilizer application device is controlled. In this paper, Solid Works is used to model the structure of fertilizing machine, and Simulation is used to check the strength of the main parts to verify the feasibility of the structure. EDEM software was used to simulate the effect of fertilization mechanism, and it was verified that the device could be evenly, stably and continuously discharged. The experimental results show that the maximum error between the actual value of fertilizer discharge and the theoretical value is 2.42, which is less than 3 under the four rotational speeds of 5 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (15) ~ (20) r/min. The results show that the designed fertilization device can still achieve high precision of fertilizer discharge under different rotational speeds and can achieve the goal of precise fertilization.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学工学院;中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院;食品质量与安全北京实验室;农业部农业信息化标准化重点实验室;
【基金】：叶类蔬菜产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设专项资金项目(BAIC07-2016) 2017教育部基本科研业务费支持
【分类号】：S224.2

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