秸秆深埋对土壤盐碱及养分调控作用的研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 19:07

【摘要】：土壤盐渍化问题是限制农业生产的一个重要因素,针对土默川平原地区,地下水位较高,蒸降比高,盐分表聚明显,农作物产量差等问题,本文以土默川平原盐渍化土壤为研究对象,利用玉米秸秆深埋改良盐渍土,通过分析不同深度秸秆覆盖后的土壤的盐碱及其养分的变化情况,研究对土壤盐碱及养分调控作用的效果。结果表明：研究区秸秆深埋处理能破坏土壤毛细管的连续性,抑制盐分表聚,降低耕作层盐分含量,改善土壤酸碱环境,并能提高土壤耕作层养分含量。其中埋设30cm深处的改良效果最好,经过4个月以后,耕作层含盐量相比对照下降了2.50g/kg,脱盐率达到52.74%,其中阴离子中,HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-的含量分别降低了50.00%、52.65%、52.63%;阳离子中,Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+和K+的含量分别降低了52.94%、50.00%、52.78%,耕作层pH值下降了0.31个单位,碱化度下降了15.14%；耕作层有机质含量增加了10.68%,碱解氮含量增加了11.86%,速效磷含量增加了16.30%。
[Abstract]:The problem of soil salinization is an important factor restricting agricultural production. In view of the problems of high groundwater level, high ratio of evapotranspiration, obvious accumulation of salt table and poor crop yield in Tumechuan Plain, etc. In this paper, the salinized soil of Tumechuan Plain was studied, and the salinization and nutrient changes of soil with different depth of straw mulching were analyzed by using corn straw to improve the salinized soil. The effect of soil salinization and nutrient regulation was studied. The results showed that the treatment of straw in the study area could destroy the continuity of soil capillary, inhibit salt accumulation, decrease salt content in tilling layer, improve soil acid-base environment, and increase soil nutrient content in tilling layer. After 4 months, the salt content of cultivated layer decreased by 2.50 g / kg, and the desalinization rate reached 52.74%. Among the anions, HCO3-,SO42-, was the most effective. The content of Cl- decreased 52.65 and 52.63, respectively. In the cations, the contents of Ca2, Mg2, Na and K decreased by 52.94 and 50.00and 52.78, respectively. The pH value of the tilling layer decreased by 0.31 units, and the alkalinity decreased by 15.14. The content of organic matter in tilling layer increased 10.68%, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased 11.86%, and the content of available phosphorus increased 16.30%.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.4

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