9种禾本科草本植物的耐旱能力

发布时间：2018-11-03 06:33

【摘要】：草本植被过滤带在控制农田氮磷面源污染方面起着重要的作用,但在北方地区其生长易受春季干旱的影响。为了筛选农田氮磷截留草地过滤带适宜草种,本研究通过室内水分控制试验对9个多年生候选草本植物的耐旱能力进行了评价研究。结果表明,1)9个植物材料的生长特性存在明显的差异,黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和新麦草(Psathyrostachys juncea)分蘖能力最强,偃麦草(Elytrigia repens)两个品种生长速度最快;2)干旱胁迫下9个植物材料的分蘖能力和试验初期的茎生长速率受到了限制,因而生物量受到了影响,但在中度和重度干旱胁迫下,狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)、京草1号偃麦草和京草2号偃麦草分蘖数显著高于其它植物。3)干旱胁迫下,京草1号根系长度显著高于对照,柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum)根长与根表面积较对照均呈现增加的趋势。4)9个植物材料耐旱性能顺序为狼尾草京草2号柳枝稷细叶芒(Miscanthus sinensis)无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)京草1号披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)和黑麦草新麦草。
[Abstract]:Herbaceous vegetation filter belt plays an important role in controlling nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in farmland, but its growth is easily affected by spring drought in northern China. In order to select suitable grass species for N and P interception grassland, the drought tolerance of 9 perennial candidate herbaceous plants was evaluated by indoor water control experiment. The results showed that: 1) there were obvious differences in growth characteristics of 9 plant materials, the tiller ability of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and new wheat (Psathyrostachys juncea) was the strongest, and the growth rate of (Elytrigia repens) was the fastest; 2) under drought stress, the tillering ability of 9 plant materials and the stem growth rate at the early stage of the experiment were restricted, thus the biomass was affected, but under moderate and severe drought stress, (Pennisetum alopecuroides), was affected. Under drought stress, the root length of Jingcao 1 and Jingcao 2 were significantly higher than that of other plants. 3) under drought stress, the root length of Jingcao 1 was significantly higher than that of control. The root length and root surface area of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) increased as compared with the control. 4) the order of drought tolerance of 9 plant materials was Gingcao No.1 (Bromus inermis) Jingcao 1). (Elymus dahuricus) and ryegrass new wheat grass.
【作者单位】：北京草业与环境研究发展中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106) 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20161502-1);北京市农林科学院院级科技创新团队(TNKYT201605)
【分类号】：S184

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