火烧对福建三明杉木人工林迹地土壤养分的影响

发布时间：2018-11-03 11:17

【摘要】：为了研究福建三明地区火烧迹地杉木人工林地的土壤速效养分变化,采用调查取样和室内分析相结合的方法,对上、中和下3个坡位的土壤,分别在火烧前、火烧2个月、1年和2年后,分析速效性养分质量分数的变化。结果表明:硝态氮质量分数在火烧2个月和1年后相比火烧前均有上升趋势,且火烧1年内,上坡位较中坡位和下坡位的硝态氮质量分数要低,在火烧2年后硝态氮质量分数略低于火烧前水平,但未达到显著差异;铵态氮质量分数与硝态氮质量分数的变化趋势相反,在火烧的第1年内持续下降,但在火烧第2年后显著升高;不同时间的速效磷质量分数,在不同坡位间无显著差异,火烧的第1年内,其质量分数变化不明显,在火烧2年后显著升高,这可能是土壤矿化速度加快造成的结果;无机氮/速效磷比值在火烧2年后显著降低,速效磷质量分数剧增是影响其比值的主要因素。火烧在短期内,加快了土壤速效性养分循环,但要注意可能造成氮素从森林生态系统中流失。研究以期为火烧对土壤养分的长期影响提供数据基础,为森林生态系统火烧迹地的人工林经营,提供科学的理论依据。
[Abstract]:In order to study the changes of soil available nutrients of Chinese fir plantation in Sanming area, Fujian Province, the soil at the top, middle and lower slopes was burned for 2 months before the fire, by the method of investigation and sampling combined with indoor analysis. After 1 and 2 years, the changes of mass fraction of available nutrients were analyzed. The results showed that the mass fraction of nitrate in the upper slope was lower than that in the middle and downhill position within 1 year after two months and one year fire, and the content of nitrate nitrogen in the upper slope was lower than that in the lower slope. After 2 years of fire, the mass fraction of nitrate nitrogen was slightly lower than that before fire, but there was no significant difference. The change trend of mass fraction of ammonium nitrogen was opposite to that of nitrate nitrogen, which decreased continuously in the first year of burning, but increased significantly after the second year of fire. There was no significant difference in the mass fraction of available phosphorus between different slope positions at different time, but the change of mass fraction in the first year of fire was not obvious, but it increased significantly after 2 years of fire, which may be the result of the accelerated speed of soil mineralization. The ratio of inorganic nitrogen to available phosphorus decreased significantly after 2 years of fire, and the increase of mass fraction of available phosphorus was the main factor affecting the ratio. In the short term, fire accelerated soil available nutrient cycling, but attention should be paid to the loss of nitrogen from forest ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to provide a data basis for the long-term effects of burning on soil nutrients, and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the management of planted forests in burned areas of forest ecosystems.
【作者单位】：南昌工程学院生态与环境科学研究所江西省退化生态系统修复与流域生态水文重点实验室;福建省三明市郊国有林场;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“冠层模拟氮沉降对杉木林林下植被及其生态功能的影响”(31570444) “赣鄱英才555工程”领军人才培养计划(赣才字[2011]1号) 江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人资助项目(20162BCB22021) 南昌工程学院大学生科研训练计划项目(2016年) 南昌工程学院研究生创新培养基金项目(YJSCX20160003)
【分类号】：S714.8

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