连续14年保护性耕作对土壤总有机碳和轻组有机碳的影响

发布时间：2018-11-09 09:15

【摘要】：依托于2001年布设在陇中黄土高原半干旱雨养农业区的保护性耕作定位试验,于2014年测定了5种保护性耕作(免耕+秸秆覆盖NTS、免耕NT、传统耕作+秸秆翻埋TS、传统耕作+地膜覆盖TP和免耕+地膜覆盖NTP)和传统耕作T处理下小麦-豌豆双序列轮作中表层土壤(0~5、5~10、10~30 cm)总有机碳(SOC)和轻组有机碳(LFOC)在作物生育期前后的变化。结果表明:土壤总有机碳和轻组有机碳在土壤剖面上均随着土层深度的增加而降低;相比传统耕作T,NTS和TS处理能显著提高0~30 cm土层中SOC、LFOC的含量,在作物播种前较T分别提高了19.51%、64.58%和13.36%、42.08%,在收获后分别提高了28.00%、85.37%和18.61%、77.82%,而SOC、LFOC含量NT和TP处理与T处理间差异不显著;从作物播种前至收获后,各处理下0~30 cm土层SOC含量均有减小趋势,其中NTS和TS处理变化量最小,NT和TP处理加大了作物生育期间SOC和LFOC的消耗;LFOC可以灵敏地反应出土壤有机碳的变化。因此,在该区推行以免耕、秸秆覆盖为主的保护性耕作措施更有利于碳的积累和土壤质量的改善,促进该区农业的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Based on the experiment of planting conservation tillage in the semi-arid rain-fed agricultural area of Longzhong Loess Plateau in 2001, five kinds of conservation tillage (no-tillage straw mulch, NTS, no-tillage NT, traditional tillage straw rotation and burying TS,) were determined in 2014. Changes of total organic carbon (SOC) and light organic carbon (LFOC) before and after crop growth period in wheat and pea double sequence rotation (0 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (30) cm) and conventional tillage T treatments under conventional tillage and no-tillage film mulching (NTP) and conventional tillage T treatments. The results showed that soil total organic carbon (TOC) and light organic carbon (LOC) in soil profile decreased with the increase of soil depth. Compared with traditional tillage, Tns and TS could significantly increase the content of SOC,LFOC in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer, and increase the content of SOC,LFOC by 19.51% and 13.36% 42.08% and 28.00%, respectively, compared with T before sowing. 85.37% and 18.61% and 77.82%, but there was no significant difference in SOC,LFOC content between NT and TP treatment and T treatment. From the time before sowing to after harvest, the content of SOC in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer decreased, among which NTS and TS treatments changed the least, NT and TP treatments increased the consumption of SOC and LFOC during the growing period of crops. LFOC can sensitively reflect the change of soil organic carbon. Therefore, it is beneficial to the accumulation of carbon and the improvement of soil quality to carry out conservation tillage with no-tillage and straw mulch in this area, and to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in this area.
【作者单位】：甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃农业大学农学院;甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31460337) 陇原青年创新人才扶持计划甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金(GSCS-2010-03)
【分类号】：S153.6

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