日光温室滴灌条件下黏重土壤水分运移规律研究
发布时间：2018-11-12 20:31
【摘要】：在天津市武清区黏质潮土日光温室,通过田间土壤剖面实地连续监测,研究了滴灌栽培西红柿条件下土壤湿润锋水平、垂直运移规律和土壤含水量的分布特征。结果表明:滴灌开始后,湿润锋水平方向的移动距离在0.5 h内能达到10 cm以上,在1 h内能达到12 cm以上,在停止灌溉后移动距离仍然继续增大,灌溉后1.5 d后基本稳定在14.5~15.0 cm。滴灌后湿润锋垂直方向的移动距离,在0.5 h能达到30 cm以上,停止灌溉后仍能继续下移,6 h能达到49.5~53.0 cm,滴灌后1.5 d稳定在52.5~55.7 cm。湿润锋水平方向、垂直方向移动距离与灌水定额呈正相关。灌溉后6~10 h滴孔正下方20~40 cm土层土壤含水量达到最大值,然后逐渐降低,灌水定额越大,达到最大值的用时越短。滴灌后3 h的滴孔正下方20~40 cm土层土壤含水量达到33.0%~34.0%,距滴孔水平距离10 cm处为30.0%~31.0%;灌溉后6 h距滴孔水平距离15 cm处的20~40 cm土层土壤含水量28.0%~29.0%,土壤相对湿度81%~84%。20~40 cm土层适宜作物生长土壤含水量的持续时间随灌水定额增大而增长,灌水定额135 m3/hm2为8 d,而180 m3/hm2为11 d。灌水后10 d的0~20 cm土层土壤含水量降至28.0%~28.5%,土壤相对湿度80.0%~82.0%,20~40 cm土层土壤含水量30.5%~31.2%。在黏重土壤日光温室西红柿灌水定额为135~180 m3/hm2时,需要间隔10 d左右灌水一次。
[Abstract]:The distribution of soil moisture front, vertical migration and soil moisture content were studied by continuous field monitoring of soil profile in a solar greenhouse in Wuqing area, Tianjin, under the condition of drip irrigation and tomato cultivation. The results showed that the moving distance in horizontal direction of wetting front could reach more than 10 cm within 0. 5 h and more than 12 cm within 1 h after drip irrigation, and the moving distance was still increasing after stopping irrigation. After 1. 5 d irrigation, it was stable at 14. 5 min. 15.0 cm.. After drip irrigation, the vertical moving distance of the wetting front can reach more than 30 cm at 0.5 h, and continue to move down after stopping irrigation, and stable at 52.5 cm. 55.7 cm. at 1.5 d after drip irrigation for 6 h, 49.5U 53.0 cm, after drip irrigation. There was a positive correlation between the horizontal direction and vertical direction of the wetting front and the irrigation quota. The soil moisture content reached the maximum at 20 ~ 40 cm directly below the drip hole at 6 ~ 10 h after irrigation, and then decreased gradually. The larger the irrigation quota was, the shorter the time was to reach the maximum value. 3 h after drip irrigation, the soil water content in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm below the drip hole reached 33.0 and 34.0, and the distance from the horizontal drop hole to the drip hole was 30.010 cm. The soil moisture content of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer at the distance of 15 cm from the drip hole within 6 h after irrigation was 28.0 ~ 29.0, and the duration of soil moisture content in the soil layer suitable for crop growth increased with the increase of irrigation quota, and the soil relative humidity was 81 ~ (84). 20 ~ (40) cm soil layer was suitable for crop growth. The irrigation quota was 8 days for 135m3/hm2 and 11 days for 180 m3/hm2. 10 days after irrigation, the soil water content in the 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer decreased to 28.0 ~ 28.50.The relative humidity of the soil was 80.020 ~ 2040 cm, and the soil moisture content was 30.5% ~ 31.2%. When the irrigation quota of tomato in the sticky soil greenhouse was 135 ~ 180 m3/hm2, the irrigation interval was about 10 days.
【作者单位】： 天津市农业资源与环境研究所;天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所;天津市现代农业科技创新基地管理中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303133;201203003)
【分类号】：S152.7;S275.6
本文编号：2328140
[Abstract]:The distribution of soil moisture front, vertical migration and soil moisture content were studied by continuous field monitoring of soil profile in a solar greenhouse in Wuqing area, Tianjin, under the condition of drip irrigation and tomato cultivation. The results showed that the moving distance in horizontal direction of wetting front could reach more than 10 cm within 0. 5 h and more than 12 cm within 1 h after drip irrigation, and the moving distance was still increasing after stopping irrigation. After 1. 5 d irrigation, it was stable at 14. 5 min. 15.0 cm.. After drip irrigation, the vertical moving distance of the wetting front can reach more than 30 cm at 0.5 h, and continue to move down after stopping irrigation, and stable at 52.5 cm. 55.7 cm. at 1.5 d after drip irrigation for 6 h, 49.5U 53.0 cm, after drip irrigation. There was a positive correlation between the horizontal direction and vertical direction of the wetting front and the irrigation quota. The soil moisture content reached the maximum at 20 ~ 40 cm directly below the drip hole at 6 ~ 10 h after irrigation, and then decreased gradually. The larger the irrigation quota was, the shorter the time was to reach the maximum value. 3 h after drip irrigation, the soil water content in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm below the drip hole reached 33.0 and 34.0, and the distance from the horizontal drop hole to the drip hole was 30.010 cm. The soil moisture content of 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer at the distance of 15 cm from the drip hole within 6 h after irrigation was 28.0 ~ 29.0, and the duration of soil moisture content in the soil layer suitable for crop growth increased with the increase of irrigation quota, and the soil relative humidity was 81 ~ (84). 20 ~ (40) cm soil layer was suitable for crop growth. The irrigation quota was 8 days for 135m3/hm2 and 11 days for 180 m3/hm2. 10 days after irrigation, the soil water content in the 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer decreased to 28.0 ~ 28.50.The relative humidity of the soil was 80.020 ~ 2040 cm, and the soil moisture content was 30.5% ~ 31.2%. When the irrigation quota of tomato in the sticky soil greenhouse was 135 ~ 180 m3/hm2, the irrigation interval was about 10 days.
【作者单位】： 天津市农业资源与环境研究所;天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所;天津市现代农业科技创新基地管理中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303133;201203003)
【分类号】：S152.7;S275.6
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