海南岛自然保护区对土壤保持服务功能的保护效果

发布时间：2018-11-13 19:49

【摘要】：自然保护区建设是保护生态系统服务的重要手段,在防治土壤侵蚀和维持生态安全方面具有不可替代的作用。以1988年、1998年和2008年3期遥感影像为基础,分析海南保护区对土壤保持功能的长期保护效果,探讨引起保护区土壤保持功能变化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)海南岛保护区内部平均单位面积土壤保持量是1951.59 t hm-2a-1,分别是区外0—5、5—10km和海南岛全省平均水平的2.4、3.2、2.9倍,保护区在土壤保持功能的保育方面发挥着重要作用;(2)在时间尺度上,1988—2008年保护区内外土壤保持功能呈现不同程度的退化趋势,其中保护区外围退化程度显著高于保护区内部(P0.05),后10年的退化程度显著高于前10年(P0.05);(3)从驱动因素上看,1988—2008年经济发展、人口增加和耕地扩张是影响保护区土壤保持功能退化的主要因素,其中在前10年,土壤保持功能与单位面积地区生产总值、单位面积第一产业生产总值、人口密度和耕地比例呈显著负相关(P0.05),而在后10年,土壤保持功能与单位面积地区生产总值、人口密度和耕地比例呈显著负相关(P0.05),由此,应权衡土壤保持功能保护与人为活动的关系,实现生态环境保护与社会经济的协调发展。
[Abstract]:The construction of nature reserves is an important means to protect ecosystem services, which plays an irreplaceable role in preventing soil erosion and maintaining ecological security. Based on the remote sensing images of 1988, 1998 and 2008, this paper analyzes the long-term protective effect of Hainan protected area on soil conservation function, and discusses the influencing factors of the change of soil conservation function in Hainan Province. The results showed that: (1) the average soil conservation amount per unit area of Hainan Island was 1951.59 t / hm-2a-1, which was 2. 4 / 3. 2 / 2. 9 times of the average level of 0 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10km outside the area and 2. 4 / 2 ~ 2 / 2 of the average level of Hainan Island, respectively. Protected areas play an important role in the conservation of soil conservation functions; (2) in time scale, the soil conservation function in and out of the reserve showed a different degree of degradation trend from 1988 to 2008, in which the degree of degradation in the periphery of the protected area was significantly higher than that in the protected area (P0.05). The degree of degeneration in the latter 10 years was significantly higher than that in the previous 10 years (P0.05). (3) from the point of view of driving factors, the economic development, population increase and cultivated land expansion in 1988-2008 are the main factors affecting the degradation of soil conservation function in protected areas. In the first 10 years, soil conservation function and gross domestic product per unit area are the main factors affecting the degradation of soil conservation function. The gross domestic product (GDP), population density and cultivated land ratio per unit area of primary industry were negatively correlated (P0.05), while in the last 10 years, soil conservation function and GDP per unit area were significantly negative (P0.05). There was significant negative correlation between population density and the proportion of cultivated land (P0.05). Therefore, the relationship between soil conservation and human activities should be balanced to realize the harmonious development of ecological environment protection and social economy.
【作者单位】：中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室;海南省环境科学研究院;
【基金】：全国生态环境十年变化(2000—2010年)遥感调查与评估项目(STSN-04-00)
【分类号】：S157

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