转基因741杨树对根周围土壤微生物多样性及数量的影响
发布时间：2018-11-23 17:45
【摘要】：转基因技术将是今后相当长的一段时间内众多领域在生物技术产业的核心技术。大规模商业化种植转基因植物是引起转基因植物的生物安全性问题的主要原因,转基因树木与普通树木很类似,它们的生长周期都比较长。这会增加转基因树木的不稳定性,由于基因漂移或基因逃逸会对环境产生负面的影响,或对新的环境造成风险。由于关系到生物及自然环境的保护和人类健康,转基因植物的生态安全性问题受到科学界乃至社会各界的广泛关注。本试验是对转BtCry3A基因741杨和转BtCry1Ac基因741杨,通过试验测定其土壤微生物的数量,对转BtCry3A基因杨各系号及转BtCry1Ac基因741杨对土壤中微生物种群和数量的影响进行分析研究。又研究了转BtCry3A基因741杨不同系号在土壤中Bt毒蛋白的残留。旨在为转基因741杨生态安全性评价及其合理的利用与推广提供依据。试验结果表明转基因741杨与对照741杨的根系土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量差异显著,说明转基因741杨对土壤微生物群落有明显影响。转基因741杨与对照的根围、根际和根表土中的细菌和放线菌数量动态变化规律基本一致,8月份数量明显高于其他月份。真菌数量动态变化规律略有不同,9月份数量明显高于其他月份。经过对转基因741杨土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量进行方差分析,在生长季节中CC84系号对根围土壤细菌数量影响显著,CC71系号对根围土壤真菌数量影响显著。CC22系号对根围土壤放线菌数量影响显著。CC70系号对根际土壤中细菌数量影响显著;CC22与CC53系号对根际土壤中真菌数量影响显著,Pb29系号对根际土壤中放线菌数量影响显著。CC71系号对根表土壤中细菌和放线菌数量影响显著,CC84系号对根表土壤中真菌数量影响显著。对转BtCry3A基因741杨各系号根围土的毒蛋白残留进行检测,结果表明转BtCry3A基因741杨不同系号的根围土均能检测到Bt毒蛋白。CC84系号中Bt毒蛋白的残留显著高于其它系号,不同系号的Bt毒蛋白的表达量有差异。各系号杨在同一时期,在不同植株土壤Bt毒蛋白的残留不同,各系号毒蛋白表达有明显差异。对转基因741杨的土壤真菌群落多样性进行分析,土壤中所含真菌种类排序为根际土根围土根表土,转基因741杨根围土真菌的物种数与个体数均小于对照,CC22系号分布最均匀;CC84系号的物种数与个体数较多,分布均匀且多样性指数高。根际土壤中转基因741杨真菌的物种数均大于对照,CC31系号的个体数最小;根围土与根际土中CC53系号的分布最不均匀,多样性与优势集中性最小。转基因741杨根表土壤真菌的个体数均大于对照,CC70与CC22系号分布最不均匀,多样性与优势集中性均低于对照。
[Abstract]:Transgenic technology will be the core technology in biotechnology industry for a long time in the future. Large-scale commercial planting of transgenic plants is the main cause of biological safety problems of transgenic plants. Transgenic trees are very similar to ordinary trees and their growth cycle is relatively long. This will increase the instability of transgenic trees, because gene drift or gene escape may have a negative impact on the environment, or pose a risk to the new environment. The ecological safety of transgenic plants has been paid more and more attention by the scientific community and even the whole society because of its influence on the protection of living things and natural environment and human health. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene and poplar BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of microorganism in soil. The number of soil microbes in transgenic poplar of BtCry3A gene and the effect of transgenic poplar of BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of soil microorganism were analyzed. The residues of Bt toxin protein in soil of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene were studied. The aim is to provide basis for ecological safety evaluation and rational utilization and popularization of transgenic poplar 741. The results showed that the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in root soil of transgenic poplar 741 was significantly different from that of control poplar 741, which indicated that transgenic poplar 741 had obvious influence on soil microbial community. The dynamic changes of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere, rhizosphere and topsoil of transgenic poplar 741 were basically consistent with those of control, and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in August was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of fungi in September was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed by variance analysis. During the growing season, the number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC71 strain number significantly affected the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, CC22 strain number significantly affected the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, and CC70 strain number significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC22 and CC53 line number had significant effect on the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, Pb29 line number had significant effect on the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, CC71 strain number had significant effect on the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in root surface soil. The number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of fungi in root surface soil. The residue of toxin protein in root soil of transgenic BtCry3A gene 741 poplar was detected. The results showed that Bt toxin protein could be detected in root soil of BtCry3A transgenic poplar 741. The residue of Bt toxin protein in CC84 line number was significantly higher than that in other lines. The expression of Bt toxin protein was different among different lines. In the same period, the residues of Bt toxin protein in different plant soils were different, and the expression of Bt toxin protein was significantly different in different lines of poplar. The diversity of soil fungal community of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed. The species of fungi contained in the soil were ranked as rhizosphere soil topsoil, and the species number and individual number of transgenic poplar 741 poplar rhizosphere fungi were smaller than that of control, and the distribution of CC22 line number was the most uniform. The number of species and individuals of CC84 line number is more, the distribution is uniform and the diversity index is high. The species number of transgenic Poplar 741 in rhizosphere soil was higher than that of control, and the number of individuals with CC31 line number was the smallest, and the distribution of CC53 line number in rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration was the least. The number of individuals of transgenic 741 poplar root surface soil fungi was higher than that of the control, and the distribution of CC70 and CC22 lines was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration were lower than that of the control.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S792.11;S714.3
[Abstract]:Transgenic technology will be the core technology in biotechnology industry for a long time in the future. Large-scale commercial planting of transgenic plants is the main cause of biological safety problems of transgenic plants. Transgenic trees are very similar to ordinary trees and their growth cycle is relatively long. This will increase the instability of transgenic trees, because gene drift or gene escape may have a negative impact on the environment, or pose a risk to the new environment. The ecological safety of transgenic plants has been paid more and more attention by the scientific community and even the whole society because of its influence on the protection of living things and natural environment and human health. The experiment was conducted to study the effects of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene and poplar BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of microorganism in soil. The number of soil microbes in transgenic poplar of BtCry3A gene and the effect of transgenic poplar of BtCry1Ac gene on the population and quantity of soil microorganism were analyzed. The residues of Bt toxin protein in soil of transgenic poplar 741 with BtCry3A gene were studied. The aim is to provide basis for ecological safety evaluation and rational utilization and popularization of transgenic poplar 741. The results showed that the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in root soil of transgenic poplar 741 was significantly different from that of control poplar 741, which indicated that transgenic poplar 741 had obvious influence on soil microbial community. The dynamic changes of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere, rhizosphere and topsoil of transgenic poplar 741 were basically consistent with those of control, and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in August was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of fungi in September was significantly higher than that in other months. The number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed by variance analysis. During the growing season, the number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC71 strain number significantly affected the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, CC22 strain number significantly affected the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, and CC70 strain number significantly affected the number of bacteria in rhizosphere soil. CC22 and CC53 line number had significant effect on the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil, Pb29 line number had significant effect on the number of actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil, CC71 strain number had significant effect on the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in root surface soil. The number of CC84 strain significantly affected the number of fungi in root surface soil. The residue of toxin protein in root soil of transgenic BtCry3A gene 741 poplar was detected. The results showed that Bt toxin protein could be detected in root soil of BtCry3A transgenic poplar 741. The residue of Bt toxin protein in CC84 line number was significantly higher than that in other lines. The expression of Bt toxin protein was different among different lines. In the same period, the residues of Bt toxin protein in different plant soils were different, and the expression of Bt toxin protein was significantly different in different lines of poplar. The diversity of soil fungal community of transgenic poplar 741 was analyzed. The species of fungi contained in the soil were ranked as rhizosphere soil topsoil, and the species number and individual number of transgenic poplar 741 poplar rhizosphere fungi were smaller than that of control, and the distribution of CC22 line number was the most uniform. The number of species and individuals of CC84 line number is more, the distribution is uniform and the diversity index is high. The species number of transgenic Poplar 741 in rhizosphere soil was higher than that of control, and the number of individuals with CC31 line number was the smallest, and the distribution of CC53 line number in rhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration was the least. The number of individuals of transgenic 741 poplar root surface soil fungi was higher than that of the control, and the distribution of CC70 and CC22 lines was the most uneven, and the diversity and dominant concentration were lower than that of the control.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S792.11;S714.3
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