黑土锌有效度的物理化学研究法

发布时间：2018-11-27 21:28

【摘要】：锌是动植物必需微量元素同时亦是污染土壤的重金属元素,研究黑土中锌形态及其有效度对保护黑土农业生态环境具有重要意义。以黑土13年长期定位试验为研究对象,采用物理化学研究法,分析评价黑土Zn形态转化及锌有效度。结果表明,长期不施肥黑土有效锌(DTPA-Zn)含量可达1.96 mg kg-1,长期施肥可显著增加黑土交换态Zn和无定型氧化铁结合态Zn含量,从而显著提高黑土有效Zn含量,可增至3.3 mg kg-1,对土壤全Zn未有明显增加;配施有机肥可显著增加矿物态Zn以外其他各形态Zn含量,土壤有效锌含量随有机肥施用量增加而逐渐增加,最高可达14.5 mg kg-1。长期施肥使土壤酸化从而降低了黑土对Zn2+的吸附强度和容量,且其吸附的Zn2+更易解吸出来,配施一定量有机肥处理虽未能减缓土壤酸化,可在一定程度上增加土壤对Zn2+的吸附强度与容量,但其吸附的Zn2+更难以解吸。总体黑土有效锌含量相对较高,对Zn2+吸附强度和容量均较高,但随着施肥引起土壤酸化而降低其对Zn2+吸附强度和容量。
[Abstract]:Zinc is an essential trace element in animals and plants and also a heavy metal element in contaminated soil. It is of great significance to study the forms and availability of zinc in black soil to protect the agricultural ecological environment of black soil. Taking 13 years' long term location test of black soil as the research object, the physical and chemical research method was used to analyze and evaluate the transformation of Zn form and the availability of zinc in black soil. The results showed that the content of available zinc (DTPA-Zn) in black soil without fertilization for a long time could reach 1.96 mg kg-1,. Long-term fertilization could significantly increase the content of exchangeable Zn and amorphous ferric oxide bound Zn in black soil, thus significantly increasing the content of available Zn in black soil. There was no significant increase in soil total Zn by increasing to 3.3 mg kg-1,. Combined application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the content of Zn in all forms other than mineral Zn, and the content of available zinc in soil gradually increased with the application of organic fertilizer, with the maximum of 14.5 mg kg-1.. Long-term fertilization resulted in soil acidification, thus reducing the adsorption intensity and capacity of Zn2 in black soil, and the adsorbed Zn2 was more easily desorbed. Although the soil acidification could not be slowed down by applying a certain amount of organic fertilizer, The adsorption intensity and capacity of Zn2 on soil can be increased to some extent, but the Zn2 adsorbed by it is more difficult to desorb. The total available zinc content of black soil was relatively high, and the adsorption intensity and capacity of Zn2 were higher, but the adsorption intensity and capacity of Zn2 decreased with soil acidification caused by fertilization.
【作者单位】：中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所;海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41301312;41371296;41571219) 中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室开放基金项目资助~~
【分类号】：S153.6

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