起垄高度与施肥方式对植烟土壤及烤烟产质量的影响
发布时间：2018-11-28 12:54
【摘要】：为探索砚山县烟区适宜的起垄高度和施肥方式,以不同起垄高度、不同施肥方式二因素进行田间试验,研究了不同处理对土壤温度和含水率、根系活力和干鲜重、烤烟生长发育、烤后烟叶物理特性、烤后烟叶内在化学成分、和经济性状等方面的影响,结果表明：(1)土壤温度和含水率。烟苗移栽后的生长依赖水肥和温度,而垄体土壤的温度高低主要受太阳热辐射的影响,起垄高度较低的垄体体积小,积温更快,起垄高度越高土壤10cm土层温度越低；而20cm土层相对于10cm土层温度低1℃左右,温度的上升存在一定的滞后性。起垄高度越高,土壤水势越高,土壤含水率随起垄高度的增加而降低,表层土壤的含水率较低,土壤越深含水率越高；施肥方式对土壤温度和含水率的影响不大。(2)根系活力和干鲜重。团棵期20cm垄高的根干鲜重较大,根系活力也较大,30cm垄高次之；旺长期和成熟期,20、30cm垄高的根干鲜重较大,根系活力也较强,40cm垄高的根干鲜重较小,根系活力相对较弱；“101”施肥和环状穴施相对于单层条施增加了烟株根系的干鲜重,单层条施的根系干鲜重和根系活力均较小。(3)烤烟生长发育。团棵期20、30cm垄高的烟株株高、叶长和叶宽较大,40cm垄高的较小；“101”施肥和环状穴施相对于单层条施增加了烟株的株高、叶长和叶宽。旺长期和成熟期,30cm垄高株高、叶长和叶宽较大,20cm垄高次之。(4)烤后烟叶物理特性。30cm垄高的烤后烟叶物理性状总体上表现较好,20cm次之；总体上环状穴施的烤后烟叶叶长和叶宽较大,“101”施肥次之。(5)烤后烟叶内在化学成分。烤后下部叶20cm垄高和30cm垄高的总糖含量和还原糖含量相差不大,烤后中部叶总糖和还原糖含量表现为30cm垄高20cm垄高40cm垄高,总体上表现为“101”施肥和环状穴施的总糖和还原糖含量较高,而单层条施的总糖和还原糖含量较低。(6)经济性状。20、40cm垄高产量稍低。30cm起垄高度的各处理中上等烟比例也较大,均价较高。综合评价,30cm起垄高度结合"101"施肥或环状穴施,烟株在大田生长、烤后烟叶化学性状和经济指标最佳。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the appropriate ridge height and fertilization method in Yanshan tobacco area, field experiments were conducted with different ridge height and different fertilization methods. The effects of different treatments on soil temperature and moisture content, root vigor and dry fresh weight were studied. The effects of the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, the physical characteristics of cured tobacco leaves, the intrinsic chemical composition and economic properties of cured tobacco leaves were discussed. The results showed that: (1) soil temperature and moisture content. The growth of tobacco seedlings after transplanting depended on water, fertilizer and temperature, while the soil temperature of ridging was mainly affected by solar heat radiation. The lower the ridge height was, the smaller the volume of ridge was, the faster the accumulated temperature was, and the higher the height of ridge was, the lower the soil 10cm soil temperature was. However, the temperature of 20cm soil layer is about 1 鈩，
本文编号：2362883
[Abstract]:In order to explore the appropriate ridge height and fertilization method in Yanshan tobacco area, field experiments were conducted with different ridge height and different fertilization methods. The effects of different treatments on soil temperature and moisture content, root vigor and dry fresh weight were studied. The effects of the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, the physical characteristics of cured tobacco leaves, the intrinsic chemical composition and economic properties of cured tobacco leaves were discussed. The results showed that: (1) soil temperature and moisture content. The growth of tobacco seedlings after transplanting depended on water, fertilizer and temperature, while the soil temperature of ridging was mainly affected by solar heat radiation. The lower the ridge height was, the smaller the volume of ridge was, the faster the accumulated temperature was, and the higher the height of ridge was, the lower the soil 10cm soil temperature was. However, the temperature of 20cm soil layer is about 1 鈩，
本文编号：2362883
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/nykj/2362883.html
