不同施肥措施对河套灌区盐化潮土氨挥发及氧化亚氮排放的影响

发布时间：2018-12-09 09:11

【摘要】：本研究以河套灌区农田盐化潮土为研究对象,通过静态暗箱-气相色谱法和田间土壤氨挥发原位测定法(通气法),研究了4种不同施肥措施(农民习惯施肥、膨润土+农民习惯施肥、生物炭+农民习惯施肥、腐殖酸+农民习惯施肥,分别标记为CK、B、C、HA)对土壤氨(NH_3)挥发及氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放的影响。结果表明:B处理可以显著降低土壤N_2O的排放,其N_2O累计排放量较CK降低30.9%,氮肥损失率较CK降低31.5%;其他处理N_2O累计排放量与CK无显著差异。各处理NH_3挥发速率于施肥灌水后3~5 d达到峰值,之后逐渐降低趋于平稳。B、C、HA处理可以显著降低土壤NH_3挥发,NH_3累计挥发量较CK降低56.0%、41.2%、49.0%,氮肥损失率较CK降低56.0%、41.2%、52.1%。相关性分析表明,土壤温度和空气温度与土壤N_2O的排放呈显著正相关;生育期土壤含水量处于151.2~203.3 g/kg,在这一范围内,土壤含水量与土壤N_2O的排放呈正相关关系。B处理可显著降低土壤NH3挥发及N_2O排放,且比CK增产11.1%,是较为合理的施肥措施。
[Abstract]:In this study, the salinized tidal soil in Hetao Irrigation area was used as the research object. Through static dark box gas chromatography and in situ determination of ammonia volatilization in field (aeration method), four different fertilization measures (farmers' habit of fertilization) were studied. Effects of bentonite farmers, biochar farmers and humic acid farmers on volatilization of soil ammonia (NH_3) and nitrogen oxide (N2O) emission were investigated. The results showed that treatment B could significantly reduce the emission of N2O in soil, the cumulative emission of N2O was 30.9 lower than that of CK, the loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 31.5% lower than that of CK, and the cumulative emission of N2O from other treatments had no significant difference with that of CK. The volatilization rate of NH_3 reached its peak value at 3 ~ 5 days after fertilization and irrigation, and then gradually decreased to a stable level. The volatilization of soil NH_3 was significantly decreased under the treatment of NH_3, and the cumulative volatilization of NH_3 was reduced by 56.0% and 41.2% than that of CK. The loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer was 56.0% lower than that of CK, 41.2% and 52.1% lower than that of CK. Correlation analysis showed that soil temperature and air temperature had a significant positive correlation with soil N2O emission. In the range of 151.2 g / kg, soil moisture content was positively correlated with soil N2O emission. B treatment could significantly reduce soil NH3 volatilization and NSCT emission, and increase the yield of N2O by 11.1% than that of CK. Is a more reasonable fertilization measures.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学/内蒙古自治区土壤质量与养分资源重点实验室;内蒙古土壤肥料工作站;杭锦后旗农业推广中心;
【基金】：内蒙古“青年科技英才支持计划”项目(NJYT-15-A11) 乌梁素海生态过渡带面源污染控制示范推广项目资助
【分类号】：S147

【相似文献】