氮素不同形态配比对白浆土养分性状的调控

发布时间：2018-12-10 11:24

【摘要】：铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)、硝态氮(NO_3~--N)是无机氮素的2种形态,其不同配比势必会通过影响土壤微生物活性进而影响土壤的养分性状。通过同等氮素用量、不同氮素形态配比(NH_4~+∶NO_3~-摩尔比分别为4∶1、1∶1、1∶4)处理,试图揭示其对添加玉米秸秆白浆土养分性状的影响。结果表明:无论何种氮素形态占优,添加玉米秸秆白浆土的有机质含量均随培养时间的延长而呈现波动式下降。铵态氮在培养初期对于矿化作用的促进最为明显,硝态氮的优势在于培养中段,而铵态氮、硝态氮等比例供氮则可使微生物的矿化能力延续更久;矿化等量玉米秸秆,硝态氮占优处理下全氮含量丧失的幅度最大,而铵态氮则有利于全氮含量水平的稳定;速效养分含量在外源氮素供应下均降低明显。铵态氮、硝态氮等比例供氮更易使微生物消耗混料的碱解氮含量,从其所占全氮的比例来看,铵态氮更易降低白浆土中可利用氮素的含量,同样其对于有效磷含量的消耗亦有促进作用,因氨态氮对秸秆K+有替代作用而使速效钾含量的下降趋势相对平稳。
[Abstract]:NH_4~-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO_3~--N) is the two forms of inorganic nitrogen, and its different ratios will affect soil nutrient properties by affecting soil microbial activity. Through the treatment of the same amount of nitrogen and different ratios of nitrogen forms (NH_4~: NO_3~- = 4: 1: 1: 1: 4), this paper tries to reveal its effect on the nutrient properties of white soil supplemented with corn straw. The results showed that no matter which nitrogen forms were dominant, the content of organic matter decreased with the increase of culture time. Ammonium nitrogen had the most obvious effect on mineralization in the early stage of culture. The advantage of nitrate nitrogen was in the middle part of culture, while the ratio of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen could make the mineralization ability of microorganism last longer. In the same amount of mineralized corn straw, the loss of total nitrogen content was the largest under nitrate nitrogen treatment, while ammonium nitrogen was beneficial to the stability of total nitrogen content, and the available nutrient content decreased significantly under exogenous nitrogen supply. The ratio of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and so on is easier to make microorganisms consume the alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content of the mixture. From the proportion of the total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen is easier to reduce the available nitrogen content in the alpine soil. It also promoted the consumption of available phosphorus. The decreasing trend of available potassium content was relatively stable due to the substitution of ammonia nitrogen to straw K.
【作者单位】：吉林农业科技学院植物科学学院;中国农业大学农学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:41401251) 吉林省教育厅“十二五”科学技术研究项目(编号:吉教科合字[2015]第375号) 吉林农业科技学院重点学科培育项目(编号:吉农院合字[2015]第X004号)
【分类号】：S158

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