日照市降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征

发布时间：2018-12-26 14:39

【摘要】：为掌握山东省日照市降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征,提高日照市水土保持规划与决策的科学性,利用日照市水利局雨量遥测系统61个雨量站点2005—2014年日降雨资料计算降雨侵蚀力,并运用Excel 2013、Arc GIS 10等工具分析日照市降雨侵蚀力的时空分布特征。结果表明:1)从年度变化来看,日照市站均年度降雨侵蚀力最大值(2008年)是最小值(2014年)的2.90倍,站均汛期降雨侵蚀力最大值(2007年)是最小值(2014年)的3.74倍。从月度变化来看,降雨侵蚀力主要集中在5—9月,尤其集中在7—8月。2)从空间分布来看,各站点年均降雨侵蚀力、汛期降雨侵蚀力呈现东南沿海地区较高、内陆地区较低、中部地区最低的特征,变化范围分别在2 942.07~4 921.45、2 694.36~3 921.78 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a)之间,分区县看,岚山区最高,东港区次之,莒县和五莲县较低;各月的降雨侵蚀力重点也不尽相同。3)从时间变异来看,站均年度降雨侵蚀力变化范围在1 831.55~5 306.12 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a)之间,均值、中值分别为3 826.01、4 053.62 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),标准差1 089.46 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),变异系数28.48%;站均月度降雨侵蚀力变化范围在1.23~1 171.93 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a)之间,均值、中值分别为318.83、61.51 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),标准差397.99 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),变异系数124.83%。4)从空间变异来看,各站年均降雨侵蚀力变化范围在2 755.23~5 061.15 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a)之间,均值、中值分别为3 826.01、3 730.97 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),标准差512.81 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h·a),变异系数13.40%。本研究结果可为日照市水土保持规划与决策、土壤侵蚀预报等提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, and to improve the scientific nature of soil and water conservation planning and decision-making in Rizhao City, the rainfall erosivity was calculated by using the rainfall telemetry system of Rizhao Water Conservancy Bureau of Rizhao City from 2005 to 2014. The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of rainfall erosivity in Rizhao City were analyzed by means of Excel 2013 Arc GIS 10 and so on. The results are as follows: 1) from the point of view of the annual variation, the maximum annual rainfall erosivity (2008) of Rizhao station is 2.90 times that of the minimum (2014). The maximum rainfall erosivity (2007) is 3.74 times of the minimum (2014). According to the monthly changes, the rainfall erosivity is mainly concentrated in May and September, especially in July-August. 2) from the spatial distribution, the average annual rainfall erosivity of each station is higher than that of the southeast coastal area in flood season. The characteristics of the inland area are lower than those of the central region, and the range of variation is between 292.07U 4 921.421.45N 2 694.36 (3 921.78 MJ mm/) (hm~2 h a). The Lanshan area is the highest, Donggang area is the second, Ju County and Wulian County are lower. The emphasis of rainfall erosivity varies from month to month. 3) from the point of view of time variation, the average annual rainfall erosivity varies from 1 831.55 to 5 306.12 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), mean value). The median value was 3 826.01 ~ 4 053.62 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), standard deviation 1 089.46 MJ mm/) (hm~2 h a), coefficient of variation 28.48 MJ mm/); The average monthly rainfall erosivity varies from 1. 23 to 1 171.93 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), with mean values of 318.83 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), standard deviation 397.99 MJ mm/) and median value of 61.51 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a),). Coefficient of variation 124.83.4) from the spatial variation point of view, the annual rainfall erosivity of each station ranges from 2 755.23 to 5 061.15 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), mean value). The median values were 3 826.01 ~ 3 730.97 MJ mm/ (hm~2 h a), standard deviation 512.81 MJ mm/) and hm~2 h a), coefficient of variation (hm~2 h a),) 13.40 MJ mm/, respectively. The results can be used as reference for soil and water conservation planning and decision making and soil erosion prediction in Rizhao City.
【作者单位】：山东农业大学林学院山东省土壤侵蚀与生态修复重点实验室/泰山森林生态站;泰安市水土保持生态环境监测站;山东农业大学生命科学学院作物生物学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：世界银行贷款“山东生态造林生态效益监测与评估”(SEAP-JC-2) 欧洲投资银行贷款“山东沿海防护林工程项目”(SCSFP-JC)
【分类号】：S157.1

【相似文献】