我国两大粮食主产区耕地等别空间分布特征分析

发布时间：2018-12-31 20:40

【摘要】：以中国东北及中部粮食主产区耕地为对象,以粮食主产区黑龙江、吉林等9个省的农用地县级分等成果为数据来源,通过Arc GIS统计分析,经加权平均法数据处理,研究耕地等别在不同空间尺度的分布规律。结果表明,两大粮食主产区耕地在1~15等均有分布,其平均等别为9.5等,比全国耕地平均等别9.8等高0.3个等别;省际之间耕地等别差异明显,湖北、湖南和江西3个省份的耕地等别较高,集中在5~8等,黑龙江、吉林和辽宁的耕地等别较低,集中在9~12等,湘、鄂、皖、赣区耕地等别高于晋豫区和东北区;一级指标区耕地等别差异较大,长江中下游区、江南区、四川盆地和黄淮海区耕地等别较高,东北区、内蒙古高原及长城沿线区、黄土高原区和云贵高原区耕地等别较低;耕地等别与区域资源本底要素水平相一致,复种指数与作物光温气候生产潜力水平高的指标区耕地等别较高,灌溉水田和水浇地等别总体高于旱地和其他宜农地,复种指数相同的指标区,应优先保护等别较高的水田和水浇地,重点提升等别较低的旱地和其他宜农地。这为实施差别化的土地整治和高标准基本农田建设、划定耕地质量保护和提升重点区域、优化耕地空间布局提供了理论参考。
[Abstract]:Taking the cultivated land in the main grain producing areas of northeast and central China as the object, taking the agricultural land and county grade achievements of 9 provinces, such as Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces as the data source, through the Arc GIS statistical analysis, the weighted average method is used to process the data. The distribution of cultivated land on different spatial scales was studied. The results showed that the cultivated land in the two major grain producing areas was distributed in the grade of 1 ~ 15, and the average grade was 9.5, which was 0.3 higher than that of the national average of 9.8. The difference of cultivated land among provinces is obvious. The difference of cultivated land in Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi provinces is higher, and it is concentrated in 5Q8, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning are lower, and are concentrated in 9 / 12, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, etc. The cultivated land in Jiangxi is higher than that in Shanxi and Henan and Northeast China. The difference of cultivated land in the first grade index area is great, such as the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Jiangnan region, Sichuan basin and Huang-Huai Hai area, and the northeast region, Inner Mongolia Plateau and the Great Wall area, loess plateau area and Yun-Gui Plateau area. The cultivated land and so on are consistent with the regional resource background factor level, the multiple cropping index and the crop light and temperature climate production potential level are higher, the irrigated paddy field and irrigated land are generally higher than the dry land and other suitable agricultural land, In the index areas with the same multiple cropping index, priority should be given to the protection of higher paddy fields and irrigated fields, and to the promotion of low drylands and other suitable agricultural lands. This provides a theoretical reference for the implementation of differential land regulation and the construction of high standard basic farmland, the delineation of the key areas of cultivated land quality protection and promotion, and the optimization of the spatial distribution of cultivated land.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;国土资源部土地整治重点实验室;
【基金】：公益性行业(国土资源)科研专项(编号:201011006-2)
【分类号】：F323.211

【共引文献】