晋西黄土区人工林地土壤水分特征及其对降雨的响应

发布时间：2019-01-11 15:32

【摘要】：为了研究黄土区人工林地土壤水分特征及其对降雨的响应,以晋西黄土区人工刺槐林地、人工侧柏林地、人工刺槐侧柏混交林地为研究对象,利用EnviroSMART土壤水分定位监测系统和翻斗式雨量计对其2014年3月1日—2015年3月31日0—200cm土层的土壤含水量和降雨量进行了连续观测。观测结果表明:(1)人工侧柏林地0—200cm土层蓄水量为496.67mm,刺槐侧柏混交林地为349.88mm,人工刺槐林地为307.48mm。人工刺槐林地较人工侧柏林地和混交林地多消耗189.19mm和42.40mm土壤水分,且多消耗的水分主要来源于深层土壤,这可能导致人工刺槐林地深层土壤"干化"。(2)3种林地0—200cm土层土壤水分的年内变化可以划分为土壤水分消耗期(3—5月)、土壤水分积累期(6—8月)、土壤水分消退期(9—11月)、土壤水分稳定期(12月至翌年2月)。在土壤水分消耗期、积累期和消退期,3种林地土壤水分变化量存在显著差异。(3)在小雨、中雨、暴雨3种降雨条件下,人工侧柏林地对降雨的响应深度最深,人工刺槐林地最浅;对于同一林地而言,降雨的响应深度随降雨量的增加而增加;土壤含水量对单场降雨的响应程度随土层深度的增加而减弱。
[Abstract]:In order to study the characteristics of soil moisture and its response to rainfall, artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest land, artificial Platycladus orientalis forest land and mixed forest land of Robinia pseudoacacia were used as the research objects. The soil moisture content and rainfall of 0-200cm soil layer from March 1, 2014 to March 31, 2015 were continuously observed by EnviroSMART soil moisture location monitoring system and tumbling rainmeter. The results showed that: (1) the water storage in 0-200cm soil layer of artificial Platycladus orientalis forest was 496.67mm, that of Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest was 349.88mm, and that of artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest was 307.48mm. The soil moisture consumption of 189.19mm and 42.40mm in artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest land was more than that in artificial Platycladus orientalis forest land and mixed forest land, and the water consumption mainly came from deep soil. This may lead to the "drying" of deep soil in artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest. (2) the annual variation of soil moisture in 0-200cm soil layer of three forest lands can be divided into three periods: soil water consumption period (3-5 months), soil water accumulation period (6-8 months). Soil moisture subsided from September to November, and soil moisture was stable from December to February of the following year. In the period of soil water consumption, accumulation and extinction, there were significant differences in soil moisture changes among the three types of forest land. (3) under the conditions of light rain, moderate rain and heavy rain, the response depth of artificial Platycladus orientalis forest land to rainfall was the deepest. Artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest is the most shallow; For the same forest land, the response depth of rainfall increases with the increase of rainfall, and the response degree of soil moisture to single rainfall decreases with the increase of soil depth.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室;山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目“困难立地植被恢复技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B02)
【分类号】：S714

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