长期施肥条件下棕壤无机硫组分时空变异特征

发布时间：2019-01-16 02:13

【摘要】：为合理施用含硫肥料,以沈阳农业大学棕壤肥料长期定位试验为依托,研究了长期(32年)不同处理(不施肥、单施化肥、有机肥配施化肥等)条件下,土壤不同层次无机硫时间和剖面分布的特征。本研究选取1979~2011年间的13年收获期0~100cm土壤样本进行无机硫组分分析,利用连续提取法提取土壤水溶态硫、吸附态硫和酸溶态硫,提取液采用ICP-AES进行硫浓度测定。结果表明:经过32年长期施肥,化肥区中不含硫素投入处理(CK,N1,N2)水溶态硫、吸附态硫、酸溶态硫含量都处于降低趋势。不施肥处理下降幅度最大,3种形态无机硫含量分别降低34.1%,29.3%和51.7%;单纯施入化学氮肥,土壤无机硫降低1.2%~15.2%,随着氮肥用量的增加,下降幅度增大;含有硫素投入处理(N1P,N1PK)土壤中水溶态硫含量处于增加趋势,与原始土相比分别增加10.7%和46.6%;吸附态硫含量分别增加3.3%和19.8%;酸溶态硫含量处于降低趋势,降低幅度分别为4.1%和18.2%。采用低量有机肥配施化肥或高量有机肥配施化肥均可有效提高3种形态无机硫含量,提升幅度为2.3%~81.0%,随着有机肥用量的增加,3种形态无机硫含量提升效果更好。水溶态硫、吸附态硫、酸溶态硫剖面分布呈现出明显"V"型,随着土层加深,含量降低;在40~60cm层次其含量降到最低。长期施用不含硫素的化肥会导致土壤中硫素有效性降低;施用含硫化肥会增加水溶态和吸附态无机硫含量、而酸溶态硫含量降低;采用有机肥、有机肥配施化肥均可以提高不同土层无机硫各组分含量,提高了硫素有效性并增大了土壤硫库。
[Abstract]:In order to apply sulfur-containing fertilizer reasonably, based on the long-term positioning experiment of brown soil fertilizer in Shenyang Agricultural University, the effects of different treatments (no fertilizer, single fertilizer, organic fertilizer and so on) on long-term (32 years) treatment were studied. Characteristics of time and profile distribution of inorganic sulfur in different layers of soil. In this study, 13 years harvest period of 0~100cm soil samples from 1979 to 2011 were selected to analyze inorganic sulfur components. Water soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid soluble sulfur were extracted by continuous extraction method. Sulfur concentrations were determined by ICP-AES in the extract solution. The results showed that after 32 years of long-term fertilization, the contents of water-soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid-soluble sulfur in the chemical fertilizer area without sulfur input treatment (CK,N1,N2) were in a decreasing trend. The content of inorganic sulfur in three forms decreased by 34.3% and 51.7%, respectively. When chemical nitrogen fertilizer was applied only, the inorganic sulfur content in soil decreased by 1.2and 15.2.The decrease increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The content of water-soluble sulfur in the soil containing sulfur was increased by 10.7% and 46.6%, and that of adsorbed sulfur was increased by 3.3% and 19.8%, respectively, compared with the original soil. The content of acid soluble sulfur decreased by 4.1% and 18.2% respectively. The content of inorganic sulfur in three forms of organic fertilizer could be increased effectively by applying chemical fertilizer in combination with low amount of organic fertilizer or high amount of organic fertilizer with a range of 2.3% 81.0. With the increase of the amount of organic fertilizer, the content of inorganic sulfur in three forms of organic fertilizer was increased. The effect of three kinds of inorganic sulfur content is better. The profile distribution of water-soluble sulfur, adsorbed sulfur and acid-soluble sulfur showed a "V" pattern, which decreased with the deepening of soil layer, and decreased to the lowest at 40~60cm level. Long-term application of chemical fertilizer without sulfur will lead to the decrease of availability of sulfur in soil, application of sulfur-containing fertilizer will increase the content of inorganic sulfur in water soluble and adsorbed state, while the content of acid soluble sulfur in soil will decrease. Organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer can increase the content of inorganic sulfur in different soil layers, increase the availability of sulfur and increase the soil sulfur pool.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/土壤肥料资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农业部东北玉米营养与施肥科学观测实验站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371287) 重点研发计划课题项目(2017YFD0200803) 公益性行业科研专项项目(201203030-04-03)
【分类号】：S153

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