东北地区湿地土壤阴阳离子的时空变异及其对芦苇植硅体的影响

发布时间：2019-01-18 15:24

【摘要】：本文选取东北地区12个湿地样点的土壤及其上生长的芦苇做为实验样品,研究土壤中不同阴阳离子浓度时空分异及其对芦苇植硅体的影响,丰富植硅体的形成因素研究,并为东北地区湿地健康评价和古环境恢复提供基础数据。研究结论如下:(1)东北地区土壤中Cl~-、NO_3~-、SO_4~2-三种阴离子平均含量分别为292.67 mg·kg~(-1)、297.14mg·kg~(-1)、367.49 mg·kg~(-1),SO_4~2-含量最高。土壤中K~+、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)四种阳离子平均含量分别为80.30 mg·kg~(-1)、91.07mg·kg~(-1)、281.51mg·kg~(-1)、37.63mg·kg~(-1),其中Na~+含量最高。土壤阴阳离子含量的时空变异规律明显,其空间分异主要受母质、土壤理化性质和水热条件的影响,而时间分异则主要受水热条件和芦苇自身需求的影响。(2)土壤K~+和Na~+的空间分布具有相似性,Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)的空间分布也具有相似性。K~+和Na~+对电导率影响较大,而Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)浓度与SO_4~(2-)呈相关性显著。变差系数分析表明芦苇和土壤阳离子的时间变异明显,且不同离子时间变异趋势不同。(3)芦苇中阴阳离子的含量主要受土壤阴阳离子含量和芦苇自身对离子的需求量的影响,芦苇和土壤中NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)含量相关性显著,并且芦苇和土壤中阴阳离子比值较低,推测芦苇对NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+)的吸收可能是以被动吸收占优势。芦苇和土壤Cl-、K~+含量的相关性不显著且芦苇和土壤中阴阳离子比值较高,推断东北地区芦苇对Cl-和K~+的吸收方式可能是主动运输。(4)东北地区土壤SO_4~2-、NO_3~-、Ca~(2+)、Na~+和K~+含量与芦苇植硅体浓度相关性较大,排序分析表明土壤中Ca~(2+)、K~+和SO_4~(2-)对芦苇植硅体浓度影响较大。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the soil of 12 wetland sample sites in Northeast China and the Reed growing on it were selected as experimental samples to study the temporal and spatial differentiation of different concentrations of anions and anions in soil and their effects on the silicon phytoplankton of Reed, and to study the forming factors of phytolith. It also provides basic data for wetland health assessment and paleoenvironment restoration in Northeast China. The results are as follows: (1) the average contents of three kinds of anions in soil of Northeast China are 292.67 mg kg~ (-1), 292.67 mg kg~ (-1), 367.49 mg kg~ (-1), respectively. The content of SO_4~2- was the highest. The average contents of K ~, Ca~ (2), Na~, Mg~ (2) in soil were 80.30 mg kg~ (-1), 91.07mg kg~ (-1), 281.51mg kg~ (-1), 37.63mg kg~ (-1), among which Na~ content was the highest. The temporal and spatial variation of soil anion content is obvious, and its spatial differentiation is mainly affected by parent material, physical and chemical properties of soil and water and heat conditions. But the temporal differentiation was mainly influenced by the water and heat conditions and the demand of Reed itself. (2) the spatial distribution of soil K ~ and Na~ were similar, and the spatial distributions of Ca~ (2) and Mg~ (2) were also similar. K ~ and Na~ had great influence on the conductivity. The concentrations of Ca~ (2) and Mg~ (2) were significantly correlated with SO_4~ (2 -). The variation coefficient analysis showed that the time variation of reeds and soil cations was obvious. The variation trend of different ion time is different. (3) the content of cationic and anion in Reed is mainly affected by the content of soil anion and the demand for ions by Reed itself, and NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2-) in Reed and soil; The contents of Ca~ (2), Na~, Mg~ (2) were significantly correlated, and the ratio of cationic and anion in Reed to soil was lower. It was inferred that Reed had a positive effect on NO_3~-,SO_4~ (2 -), Ca~ (2), Na~, and so on. The absorption of Mg~ (2) may be dominated by passive absorption. The correlation between Reed and soil Cl-,K~ content is not significant and the ratio of reeds to soil ions is high. It is inferred that the absorption of Cl- and K ~ by Reed in Northeast China may be by active transport. (4) soil SO_4~2-, in Northeast China. The contents of NO_3~-,Ca~ (2), Na~ and K ~ were significantly correlated with the concentration of reeds. The sequencing analysis showed that Ca~ (2), K ~ and SO_4~ (2-) had a great influence on the concentration of reeds.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S153.3

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