短期保护性耕作措施对大豆-冬小麦轮作系统温室气体排放的影响
发布时间：2019-01-21 17:17
【摘要】：通过田间试验,在大豆和冬小麦生长季,进行常规翻耕(conventional tillage,T)、免耕(no-tillage with no straw cover,NT)、常规翻耕+秸秆(conventional tillage with straw cover,TS)、免耕+秸秆(no-till with straw cover,NTS)4种耕作措施处理,采用静态箱-气相色谱法测定土壤-作物系统CO_2和N_2O排放通量.结果表明:在大豆生长季,与T相比,NTS在开花-结荚期显著增加了CO_2累积排放量(P=0.045),增幅达27.9%;NT在鼓粒-成熟期显著降低了CO_2累积排放量(P=0.043),降幅达28.9%.与T相比,NT在鼓粒-成熟期的N_2O累积排放量降低了28.3%(P=0.042).在冬小麦生长季,与T相比,TS、NT在拔节-孕穗期使CO_2累积排放量降低了24.3%(P=0.032)和36.0%(P=0.041),在成熟期降低了26.8%(P=0.027)和33.1%(P=0.038).在返青期,NT、NTS、TS的N_2O累积排放量与T比较均没有明显差异,NTS比NT的N_2O累积排放量降低了42.0%(P=0.035).可见,保护性耕作措施对土壤-作物系统CO2排放的影响较大,对N2O排放的影响不明显.
[Abstract]:Through field experiments, conventional tillage (conventional tillage,T), no-tillage (no-tillage with no straw cover,NT), conventional tillage straw (conventional tillage with straw cover,TS) and no-tillage straw (no-till with straw cover,) were carried out in soybean and winter wheat growing season. NTS). The emission fluxes of CO_2 and N2O from soil-crop system were determined by static box-gas chromatography. The results showed that, compared with T, NTS significantly increased the cumulative CO_2 emission (P0. 045) in flowering and pod setting stage, and increased by 27. 9% in soybean growing season. NT significantly decreased the cumulative CO_2 emissions (P0. 043) during granulation-maturation, by 28. 9%. Compared with T, the cumulative emission of N2O in NT was reduced by 28.3% (P0. 042) at the stage of granulation and maturation. In winter wheat growing season, compared with T, TS,NT reduced cumulative CO_2 emissions by 24.3% (P0. 032) and 36. 0% (P0. 041) at jointing and booting stage, respectively. At the mature stage, it decreased 26.8% (P0. 027) and 33. 1% (P0. 038). The cumulative emission of N2O in NT,NTS,TS was not significantly different from that in T, and the cumulative emission of N2O in NTS was 42.0% lower than that in NT (P0. 035). It can be seen that conservation tillage has great influence on CO2 emission from soil-crop system, but not on N2O emission.
【作者单位】： 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院;南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41175136,41375006) 江苏省大学生实践创新计划项目(201510300014) 江苏省高校“青蓝工程”项目(2014) 江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(2014-NY-015)
【分类号】：S565.1;S512.11;X712
本文编号：2412854
[Abstract]:Through field experiments, conventional tillage (conventional tillage,T), no-tillage (no-tillage with no straw cover,NT), conventional tillage straw (conventional tillage with straw cover,TS) and no-tillage straw (no-till with straw cover,) were carried out in soybean and winter wheat growing season. NTS). The emission fluxes of CO_2 and N2O from soil-crop system were determined by static box-gas chromatography. The results showed that, compared with T, NTS significantly increased the cumulative CO_2 emission (P0. 045) in flowering and pod setting stage, and increased by 27. 9% in soybean growing season. NT significantly decreased the cumulative CO_2 emissions (P0. 043) during granulation-maturation, by 28. 9%. Compared with T, the cumulative emission of N2O in NT was reduced by 28.3% (P0. 042) at the stage of granulation and maturation. In winter wheat growing season, compared with T, TS,NT reduced cumulative CO_2 emissions by 24.3% (P0. 032) and 36. 0% (P0. 041) at jointing and booting stage, respectively. At the mature stage, it decreased 26.8% (P0. 027) and 33. 1% (P0. 038). The cumulative emission of N2O in NT,NTS,TS was not significantly different from that in T, and the cumulative emission of N2O in NTS was 42.0% lower than that in NT (P0. 035). It can be seen that conservation tillage has great influence on CO2 emission from soil-crop system, but not on N2O emission.
【作者单位】： 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心;南京信息工程大学应用气象学院;南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41175136,41375006) 江苏省大学生实践创新计划项目(201510300014) 江苏省高校“青蓝工程”项目(2014) 江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(2014-NY-015)
【分类号】：S565.1;S512.11;X712
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