滴灌条件下排水暗管间距对土壤盐分淋洗的影响
发布时间：2019-01-24 16:53
【摘要】：在滴灌淋洗条件下设计暗管排水试验,研究暗管不同埋设间距(15、20、25 m)对土壤剖面盐分分布及脱盐淋洗效果的影响。结果表明:滴灌淋洗期间,0~70 cm土层含盐量显著降低,与CK相比,试验地不同地段土壤平均含盐量减少10 g/kg以上。从暗管上方至相邻暗管中点位置处不同剖面土壤平均脱盐率逐渐减小,15、20、25 m间距小区在0~100 cm埋深土壤中点位置处最大脱盐率分别为84.01%、77.75%、73.98%,土壤整体脱盐率介于51.82%~60.43%之间。吸水管埋管间距越小,小区暗管排水阶段排水流量越大,排水矿化度、电导率也越大,但成本会略高。15 m间距相比20、25 m间距小区每公顷多投入的成本和平均脱盐率差值分别为8 430、12 570元和4.78%、8.61%;15 m间距暗管处理在水平距离暗管0、5、7.5 m处土壤脱盐率最大值分别为86.47%、85.15%、84.01%,且排水期间排水流量、矿化度、电导率最大,分别为2 m~3/h、189.15 g/L和35.9 mS/cm;土壤盐分淋洗效果优于20、25 m间距小区,淋洗相同盐分含量土壤所需灌水量也低于20、25 m间距;2次灌水后0~70 cm土层盐分整体已降至10 g/kg以下,作物生长条件大为改善,适宜作为指导新疆盐渍土改良滴管条件下暗管间距布设参数的依据。
[Abstract]:Under the condition of drip irrigation and leaching, an experiment was designed to study the effect of different buried spacing (1520m) on the salt distribution in soil profile and the desalination and elution effect. The results showed that the salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased significantly during drip irrigation leaching. Compared with CK, the average salt content of soil in different plots of the experiment site was reduced by more than 10 g/kg. The average desalinization rate of soil in different sections from the top of the dark pipe to the middle point of adjacent hidden pipe gradually decreased, and the maximum desalinization rate at the middle point of 0 ~ 100 cm buried soil was 84.01% and 77.7575% 73.98, respectively. The total desalination rate of the soil was between 51.82% and 60.43%. The smaller the distance between the water absorption pipes, the larger the drainage discharge, the greater the salinity, the greater the electrical conductivity. But the cost will be slightly higher. The difference of cost and average desalinization rate per hectare in the residential area with 15 m spacing is 8 430 ~ 12 570 yuan and 4.78 ~ 8. 61 m ~ (-1), respectively. The maximum desalinization rate of the soil was 86.477.5m and 85.15m, respectively, and the drainage discharge, salinity and electrical conductivity during drainage were the highest, which were 2 mm3 / h, respectively, during the drainage period, and the maximum desalinization rate was 85.15m ~ (-1) in the depth of 15 m ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), respectively. 189.15 g / L and 35.9 mS/cm; The effect of soil salt leaching was better than that of the plot with 20 ~ 25 m spacing, and the irrigation amount needed for the same salt content was also lower than that of 20 ~ 25 m interval. The salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased to less than 10 g/kg after twice irrigation, and the crop growth conditions were greatly improved, which is suitable for guiding the parameters of the spacing of dark tubes under the condition of improved drip tube in saline soil of Xinjiang.
【作者单位】： 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD20B03-3) 国家自然科学基金项目(41361071)
【分类号】：S156.4
本文编号：2414646
[Abstract]:Under the condition of drip irrigation and leaching, an experiment was designed to study the effect of different buried spacing (1520m) on the salt distribution in soil profile and the desalination and elution effect. The results showed that the salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased significantly during drip irrigation leaching. Compared with CK, the average salt content of soil in different plots of the experiment site was reduced by more than 10 g/kg. The average desalinization rate of soil in different sections from the top of the dark pipe to the middle point of adjacent hidden pipe gradually decreased, and the maximum desalinization rate at the middle point of 0 ~ 100 cm buried soil was 84.01% and 77.7575% 73.98, respectively. The total desalination rate of the soil was between 51.82% and 60.43%. The smaller the distance between the water absorption pipes, the larger the drainage discharge, the greater the salinity, the greater the electrical conductivity. But the cost will be slightly higher. The difference of cost and average desalinization rate per hectare in the residential area with 15 m spacing is 8 430 ~ 12 570 yuan and 4.78 ~ 8. 61 m ~ (-1), respectively. The maximum desalinization rate of the soil was 86.477.5m and 85.15m, respectively, and the drainage discharge, salinity and electrical conductivity during drainage were the highest, which were 2 mm3 / h, respectively, during the drainage period, and the maximum desalinization rate was 85.15m ~ (-1) in the depth of 15 m ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), respectively. 189.15 g / L and 35.9 mS/cm; The effect of soil salt leaching was better than that of the plot with 20 ~ 25 m spacing, and the irrigation amount needed for the same salt content was also lower than that of 20 ~ 25 m interval. The salt content of 0 ~ 70 cm soil layer decreased to less than 10 g/kg after twice irrigation, and the crop growth conditions were greatly improved, which is suitable for guiding the parameters of the spacing of dark tubes under the condition of improved drip tube in saline soil of Xinjiang.
【作者单位】： 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD20B03-3) 国家自然科学基金项目(41361071)
【分类号】：S156.4
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1 何守成,董炳荣;暗管排水改良新围粘质海涂的研究[J];土壤通报;1988年01期
，本文编号：2414646
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