桂西北白云岩坡地典型土体构型石灰土水文特征

发布时间：2019-01-30 20:20

【摘要】：综合运用传统水文学、氢氧稳定同位素和原位模拟降雨等方法,研究了桂西北白云岩坡地典型土体构型石灰土微区(2 m×1.2 m)土壤水文功能.白云岩峰丛坡地沿坡向下表现出通体砂、上壤下砂、通体壤、上黏下砂4种典型石灰土土链格局,所有构型土体微区地表稳定入渗速率高达41~48 mm·h~(-1),地表径流少,且表现为蓄满产流,壤中流和深层渗漏是重要水文过程;壤中流依据土壤发生层层次分为A、C层壤中流,对于A层壤中流,通体砂、上黏下砂以及上壤下砂构型土体微区以基质流为主,通体壤构型土体表现为优先流;对于C层壤中流,所有构型土体微区均表现为优先流特征.白云岩坡地土壤连续分布,虽土层浅薄但仍表现出沿坡向下的土链格局,不同土体构型土壤水文性质的差异主要体现在地表以下各界面产流过程,研究证实该区土壤水文功能的研究应具备三维立体视角,发展更加侧重地下水文过程观测和研究的新方法,才能全面揭示喀斯特坡地近地表水文过程.
[Abstract]:Using traditional hydrology, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes and in situ rainfall simulation, the soil hydrological functions in the typical soil structure of lime-soil microarea (2m 脳 1.2 m) on dolomite sloping land in northwest Guangxi were studied. Along the slope, dolomite peak cluster slope shows four typical calcareous soil chain patterns, namely, sand in upper soil, sand in whole body and sand in upper viscosity. The stable infiltration rate of surface in all types of soil microregions is as high as 41 ~ 48 mm h ~ (-1), and the surface runoff is less. It is also shown that the accumulation of runoff and the deep seepage are important hydrological processes. According to the layers of soil formation, the middle flow of soil is divided into AGC layer soil and middle flow. For A layer of soil flow, general sand, upper visco-bottom sand and upper loam are dominated by matrix flow, and the whole body of soil shows preferential flow. For the flow in C layer soil, all the microregions of the geometries are characterized by preferential flow. The soil distribution of dolomite slope is continuous, although the soil layer is shallow, it still shows the soil chain pattern down the slope. The difference of soil hydrological properties of different soil structures is mainly reflected in the runoff generation process at the interface below the surface. It is proved that the study of soil hydrological function in this area should have a three-dimensional perspective, and develop a new method which focuses more on the observation and study of groundwater text process, so as to fully reveal the near-surface hydrological process of karst sloping land.
【作者单位】：中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室;华中农业大学资源与环境学院;中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态系统观测研究站;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502403) 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB452703) 国家自然科学基金项目(41671287) 湖南省自然科学基金项目(14JJ3144)资助~~
【分类号】：S152.7

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