保水剂用量对马铃薯生长和土壤水分的影响

发布时间：2019-02-17 20:07

【摘要】：以马铃薯品种"克新1号"为试材,以不施用保水剂为对照,施用不同用量(40、55、70、85 kg/hm~2)保水剂,分析了保水剂用量对马铃薯不同生育时期土壤含水量、形态特征、生理特性及产量、商品率和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:施用保水剂提高了0~80 cm土层土壤含水量,且随保水剂用量的增加而增加;保水剂用量为55、70 kg/hm~2时可显著降低马铃薯生长期叶片脯氨酸含量的积累且促进叶片叶绿素含量的增加;施用保水剂可促进马铃薯各生育期的株高、株幅、产量、生物量、商品率和水分利用效率,且随着保水剂用量的增加先增增后降低,当保水剂用量为55kg/hm2时,马铃薯产量、商品率、生物量和水分利用效率最高,分别比对照高13.77%、24.63%、13.77%、和18.68%。说明保水剂施用量为55 kg/hm~2时马铃薯生长及节水抗旱效果最佳。
[Abstract]:The potato variety "Kexin 1" was used as the test material, the soil moisture content and morphological characteristics of potato at different growth stages were analyzed by using different amount of water absorbent (40555) and different amount of absorbent (40555) as control. Physiological characteristics and effects of yield, commodity rate and water use efficiency. The results showed that the soil moisture content of 0 ~ 80 cm soil layer was increased with the application of water retaining agent, and increased with the increase of the amount of water retaining agent. The amount of water retaining agent was 55 ~ 70 kg/hm~ _ 2, which could significantly reduce the accumulation of proline in potato leaves and promote the increase of chlorophyll content in leaves. The application of water absorbent promoted the plant height, plant width, yield, biomass, commodity rate and water use efficiency of potato at different growth stages. With the increase of the amount of water absorbent, the yield of potato increased first and then decreased. When the amount of water absorbent was 55kg/hm2, the yield of potato was increased. The commodity rate, biomass and water use efficiency were the highest, 13.77% and 18.68% higher than that of the control, respectively. The results showed that potato growth and water saving and drought resistance were the best when the amount of water retaining agent was 55 kg/hm~.
【作者单位】：集宁师范学院生物系;
【基金】：内蒙古自治区高等学校科研项目(NJZY14301)
【分类号】：S532;S152.7

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