不同林分及农田土壤中球囊霉素蛋白组成特征差异研究

发布时间：2019-02-23 18:01

【摘要】：球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(GRSP)是由丛枝菌根真菌产生的一种不易溶于水的糖蛋白,对GRSP化学结构特征认知的匮乏,很大程度上限制了GRSP的生态学地位及其应用前景。本文选取东北林业大学实验林场5种林分及其毗邻农田为研究对象,通过多种技术手段,来揭示GRSP的特征及其在不同林型和农田中的差异。研究发现GRSP含有O—H和N—H伸缩振动带、C—H伸缩振动带、C=O和COO—伸缩振动带、COO—伸缩振动带和C—H弯曲收缩带、C—O和Si—O—Si伸缩振动带5种官能团。紫外吸收峰位置在225~248 nm之间,OD值在0.9~2.0之间。X射线衍射结果显示GRSP含有石英、蒙脱石、伊利石、斜长石、伊利石蒙脱石混层和未知的a物质及b物质等多种矿物质,相对结晶度均较低,平均晶粒尺寸分别为25.83、17.93、14.50、21.45、28.45、28.10和17.40 nm。此外,通过X光电子能谱发现GRSP含有C1s、Al2p、O1s、Si2p、P2p、Ca2p、K2p、N1s、Fe2p、Mg1s和Na1s 11种元素,平均所占百分比为28.9%、7.0%、43.4%、9.8%、0.4%、1.0%、0.6%、1.4%、2.1%、0.7%和7.8%。GRSP的化学特征在不同林型及农田中也存在着一定的差异,其中官能团差异最大的是蒙古栎和白桦林的C—H伸缩振动带(5.5倍),差异最小的是水曲柳和白桦林的O—H和N—H伸缩振动带(1.3倍),胡桃楸林GRSP的OD值最大。GRSP矿物质种类也有所不同,其中只有水曲柳和蒙古栎林中包含斜长石、伊利石蒙脱石混层、a物质、b物质,其余矿物质在所有林型和农田的GRSP中均有发现。石英的晶粒尺寸差异最大,达到5.2倍,最小的为斜长石仅相差17%。落叶松林中的蒙脱石相对结晶度是水曲柳林的5.1倍,而b物质在水曲柳林和蒙古栎林中的相对结晶度仅相差4%。同样,C1s、O1s、Si2p、N1s和Na1s等元素在所有林型和农田中都可被检测到,其中GRSP各元素在不同林型及农田中的差异在1.1~31.6倍之间。我们的研究结果显示不同植被类型中GRSP组成特征可能具有很大的差异,同时GRSP中含有不同土壤矿物说明土壤组成对GRSP也有一定影响,本文对GRSP的化学结构特征的客观揭示,有助于探索GRSP对农田及森林土壤生态功能影响方面的深层机制。
[Abstract]:Balloon mycin-associated soil protein (GRSP) is a water-soluble glycoprotein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The lack of understanding of the chemical structural characteristics of GRSP limits the ecological status and application prospects of GRSP to a great extent. In this paper, the characteristics of GRSP and its differences in different forest types and farmland were revealed by a variety of technical means in the experimental forest farm of Northeast Forestry University and its adjacent farmland. It is found that GRSP contains five functional groups: O-H and N-H stretching vibration band, C-H stretching vibration band, CIO and COO- stretching vibration band, COO- stretching vibration band and C-H bending contraction band, C-O and Si-O-Si stretching vibration band. The position of UV absorption peak is between 225 and 248 nm, and the OD value is between 0.9 and 2.0.The X-ray diffraction results show that GRSP contains quartz, montmorillonite, Illite, plagioclase, Illite montmorillonite mixed layer, unknown substance a and substance b, and so on. The relative crystallinity was lower, and the average grain size was 25.83 (17.93), 14.50 (21.45), 28.45 (28.10) and 17.40 nm., respectively. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that GRSP contained 11 elements, C1sSU Al2pO1sO1sO1Si2pOP2pOP2pK2pN1s and Na1s. The average percentage of them was 28.97.00.43.4. The chemical characteristics of 0. 0. 6% and 0. 7% of 7.8%.GRSP were also different in different forest types and farmland. The C-H stretching vibration bands of Quercus mongolica and birch forests (5.5 times) and O-H and N-H stretching bands (1.3 times) of Fraxinus mandshurica and birch forest were the most different. The OD value of GRSP in Juglans mandshurica forest is the largest. The mineral species of GRSP are also different. Only Fraxinus mandshurica and Mongolian oak forest contain plagioclase, Illite montmorillonite mixed layer, substance a, substance b. The rest of the minerals are found in GRSP of all forest types and fields. The difference of grain size between quartz and plagioclase is 5.2 times and 17 times respectively. The relative crystallinity of montmorillonite in Larix gmelini forest was 5.1 times higher than that in Fraxinus mandshurica forest, while the relative crystallinity of B substance in Fraxinus mandshurica forest and Mongolian oak forest was only 4 times higher than that in Fraxinus mandshurica forest. In the same way, the elements such as C _ 1s _ S _ (1) O _ (1s) ~ (2) Si _ (2p) N _ (1s) and Na1s can be detected in all forest types and fields, and the differences of GRSP elements in different forest types and fields are between 1.1 and 31.6 times. Our results show that there may be great differences in the composition of GRSP in different vegetation types, and the presence of different soil minerals in GRSP indicates that soil composition also affects GRSP. The objective revelation of the chemical structural characteristics of GRSP is discussed in this paper. It is helpful to explore the deep mechanism of the effect of GRSP on the ecological function of farmland and forest soil.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学森林植物生态重点实验室;
【基金】：黑龙江省杰出青年基金(JC201401) 国家自然科学基金(41373075、31170575) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572014EA01)资助
【分类号】：S714.5;S151.9

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