水稻灌溉用水效率和要素禀赋对化肥面源污染的影响——基于分位数回归的分析

发布时间：2019-02-27 17:01

【摘要】：通过测度长江上游4省(市)797份样本户水稻灌溉用水效率和化肥面源污染量,基于分位数回归方法,深入分析灌溉用水效率、生产方式和农户要素禀赋对化肥面源污染的影响。研究表明,总体上灌溉总效率均值为0.14,纯技术效率均值为0.27,规模效率均值为0.55,水稻灌溉用水效率改进空间较大,规模化程度高的平原地区用水效率更高;灌溉用水效率与化肥施用量间存在显著替代效应,两者呈振幅增强的波动式发展;节水灌溉能够降低化肥面源污染,同时具有保肥效果;水旱轮作模式、耕作方式、秸秆还田方式对化肥面源污染存在影响,但未全部通过显著性检验;耕地细碎化、农业补贴和商品化率会增加化肥面源污染;年龄、受教育程度减轻化肥面源污染的临界点较高,政治参与程度对化肥面源污染影响不显著。
[Abstract]:By measuring the efficiency of irrigation water and non-point source pollution in 797 sample households in four provinces (cities) in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the effect of the efficiency of irrigation water, the mode of production and the natural endowment of the farmers on the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer is analyzed. The results show that the average total irrigation efficiency is 0.14, the average technical efficiency is 0.27, the scale efficiency is 0.55, the efficiency of rice irrigation is improved, and the water efficiency of the plain area with high scale is higher; the water-saving irrigation can reduce the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer and has the fertilizer-keeping effect, the water-and-dry-rotation mode, the cultivation mode and the straw returning method have the influence on the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer, But not all through the significance test; the cultivated land is finely divided, the agricultural subsidies and the commercialization rate can increase the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer; the age, the education degree is higher than the critical point of the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer, and the influence of the political participation on the non-point source pollution of the chemical fertilizer is not obvious.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学经济学院;长江师范学院财经学院;四川农业大学管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(14XGL003) 四川省农村发展研究中心青年项目(CR1624,CR1719)~~
【分类号】：X592

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