不同油葵品种对盐碱地根际土壤酶活性及微生物群落功能多样性的影响

发布时间：2019-03-14 07:58

【摘要】：通过盆栽试验,研究了新葵4号、新葵6号、新葵10号和美国矮大头4个油葵品种对盐碱地土壤理化、酶活性和微生物群落功能多样性的影响,以期筛选出更适宜改善盐碱地土壤质量的油葵品种。结果表明,种植新葵6号对降低盐碱地根际土壤pH值、提高土壤全氮含量和蔗糖酶活性的效果最为显著,新葵4号对提高根际土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量以及脲酶和磷酸酶活性的效果最为显著;种植这4个品种的油葵均能显著(72 h,P0.05)提高盐碱地根际土壤微生物对31种碳源的平均利用率(Average well color development,AWCD),并呈现如下规律:新葵4号新葵6号美国矮大头新葵10号CK。种植这4个油葵品种均不同程度地提高了盐碱地根际土壤微生物群落的Shannon多样性指数(H)、Shannon优势度指数(D)和碳源利用丰富度指数(S),并呈现出相似的规律:新葵4号根际土的微生物多样性指数最大,而CK的最小,且显著高于CK。主成分分析表明,种植油葵改善了盐碱地根际土壤微生物的群落组成;碳水化合物、氨基酸、羧酸类化合物和聚合物是盐碱地土壤微生物利用的主要碳源。因此,在盐碱地中种植油葵可提高相关土壤理化性质和酶的活性,改善微生物功能多样性,优化盐碱地微生物的群落结构,尤其是种植新葵4号对盐碱地的改良效果最为显著。
[Abstract]:Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of four oil sunflower varieties, Xinkui 4, Xinkui 6, Xinkui 10 and Dadaotou, on soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity and microbial community functional diversity in saline-alkali land. In order to screen out more suitable for improving soil quality in saline-alkali land oil sunflower varieties. The results showed that Xinkui No. 6 had the most significant effect on reducing pH value of rhizosphere soil, increasing soil total nitrogen content and invertase activity, and Xinkui No. 4 had the most significant effect on improving alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in rhizosphere soil. The content of available potassium and the activities of urease and phosphatase were the most significant. These four varieties of oil sunflower could significantly increase the average utilization rate of 31 carbon sources (Average well color development,AWCD) of rhizosphere soil microorganisms in saline-alkali land (72 h, P0.05). And present the following rule: new sunflower No. 4, new sunflower 6, American dwarf big head new sunflower no. 10 CK. The Shannon diversity index (H), Shannon), dominance index (D) and carbon source utilization richness index (S),) of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in saline-alkali soil were increased by planting these four oil sunflower varieties in different degrees. The results showed that the microbial diversity index of rhizosphere soil of Xinkui No. 4 was the largest and that of CK was the smallest, which was significantly higher than that of CK.. The results of principal component analysis showed that oil sunflower improved the microbial community composition in rhizosphere of saline-alkali soil, and carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids and polymers were the main carbon sources for soil microbial utilization in saline-alkali land. Therefore, planting oil sunflower in saline-alkali soil can improve soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity, improve microbial functional diversity and optimize microbial community structure in saline-alkali land, especially Xinkui No. 4 has the most significant effect on improving saline-alkali land.
【作者单位】：石河子大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31360047) 石河子大学重大科技攻关项目(gxjs2012-zdgg06-04)
【分类号】：S565.5;S154

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