河北坝上不同土地利用方式对土壤风蚀的影响

发布时间：2019-03-20 15:43

【摘要】：对河北坝上康保地区天然草地、人工林、农田和退耕地四种土地利用方式的输沙量、风速廓线以及土壤的理化性质进行观测和分析。结果显示:天然草地的地表硬度最大,输沙量最小,表层土壤粗颗粒含量最低;农田地表含水量和硬度最小,输沙量最大,有机质含量最低,表层土壤粗颗粒含量最高;人工林地土壤水分含量较高,输沙量较低,有机质含量较高;退耕还灌木地表层含水量较低,地表硬度和空气动力学粗糙度较大,输沙量大于林地,有机质含量低于林地。表明土壤风蚀受地表含水量、硬度以及空气动力学粗糙度的共同作用影响,三者均不同程度受地表植被的影响,反映了地表植被类型对土壤风蚀的潜在影响。因此,在优先保护原生植被的前提下,重视植被生态恢复建设,着重提高地表植被覆盖度,以改善土壤结构,提高土壤有机质含量,增强土壤抗风蚀能力。
[Abstract]:The sediment concentration, the wind speed profile and the physical and chemical properties of the four land-use modes of the natural grassland, the artificial forest, the farmland and the uncultivated land of the Kangbao area on the dam of Hebei Province were observed and analyzed. The results show that the surface hardness of the natural grassland is the largest, the sediment concentration is the smallest, the coarse grain content of the surface soil is the lowest, the surface water content and the hardness of the farmland are the smallest, the sediment concentration is the largest, the organic matter content is the lowest, the coarse grain content of the surface layer soil is the highest, and the soil moisture content of the artificial forest is high, The content of organic matter is lower, and the content of organic matter is higher; the surface water content of the ground surface is lower, and the surface hardness and aerodynamic roughness are larger, and the sediment concentration is larger than that of the forest land, and the content of the organic matter is lower than that of the forest land. It is shown that the soil erosion is affected by the surface water content, hardness and the effect of the surface vegetation, and the potential effect of the surface vegetation type on the soil wind erosion is reflected. Therefore, on the premise of priority protection of the primary vegetation, the vegetation ecological restoration construction is emphasized, and the vegetation coverage of the surface is emphasized, so that the soil structure is improved, the organic matter content of the soil is improved, and the soil anti-wind erosion capacity is enhanced.
【作者单位】：河北师范大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省环境演变与生态建设省级重点实验室;河北省科学院地理科学研究所;北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室;石家庄幼儿师范高等专科学校;
【基金】：河北省软科学项目(13454213D) 国家自然科学基金重点项目(41330746);国家自然科学基金青年项目(41301291)资助
【分类号】：S157.1

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