开垦年限对干旱区土壤理化性质及剖面无机碳的影响

发布时间：2019-03-30 21:44

【摘要】：为阐明开垦年限对土壤理化性质及无机碳的影响,进一步了解干旱区土地开垦进程中的土壤质量变化规律和碳吸收与存储过程,以开垦年限分明的典型区—新疆三工河流域阜北农场为研究区,调查、分析了不同开垦年限(已开垦0,1,3,5,15,30,50a)剖面土壤的pH值、盐分、无机碳含量与储量的分布特征、变化规律及开垦年限对它们的影响。结果表明:(1)已开垦土地的土壤pH值随土层深度的增加而升高;随开垦年限的延长,0—60cm(耕作层)的土壤pH值显著降低(P0.05),60—140,140—200cm土壤pH值则升高。不同开垦年限的土壤盐分在剖面上呈"S"型分布,研究区土壤盐分为表聚型;随着开垦年限的延长,土壤盐分聚集层逐渐下移,各剖面平均含盐量减少。开垦历史的延长,有助于排盐排碱。(2)不同开垦年限的土壤无机碳含量与储量:0—60cm显著低于60—140cm,60—140cm显著低于140—200cm(P0.05)。随着土层深度的增加,土壤无机碳储量占全碳的比例增大。随着开垦年限的延长,0—60cm耕作层土壤无机碳含量、储量呈"减少—增加—减少"的变化趋势,无机碳储量占全碳的比例减少。与原始荒地相比,开垦50a时,0—60cm耕作层的土壤无机碳储量减少了55%;0—200cm土壤无机碳储量增加了11.74kg/m~2,无机碳储量所占全碳的比例降低了1.28%。(3)开垦年限的延长对土壤pH、盐分及无机碳的显著影响深度不同,分别集中于0—60cm耕作层,0—140cm及整个研究深度范围内。
[Abstract]:In order to clarify the effects of reclamation years on soil physical and chemical properties and inorganic carbon, the changes of soil quality and the process of carbon absorption and storage in the process of land reclamation in arid areas were further understood. Taking Fubei Farm of Sangong River Basin in Xinjiang as the research area, the distribution characteristics of soil pH, salt, inorganic carbon content and reserves in different reclamation years (0, 1, 3, 5, 15, 30, 50 a) were investigated and analyzed. The law of change and the influence of reclamation years on them. The results showed that: (1) the pH value of reclaimed soil increased with the increase of soil depth, while the pH value of 0-60cm (cultivated layer) decreased significantly (P0.05), while the pH value of 60-140140-200cm soil increased with the extension of reclamation years. The distribution of soil salt in different reclamation years was "S" type in the profile, and the soil salt in the study area was classified as supercluster type. With the extension of reclamation period, the soil salt accumulation layer gradually moved down and the average salt content in each section decreased. The prolongation of reclamation history contributed to the discharge of salt and alkali. (2) the content and storage of inorganic carbon in soils of different reclamation years were significantly lower than that of 60 脳 140 cm in 0-60cm and significantly lower than that in 140-200cm (P0.05). With the increase of soil depth, the ratio of soil inorganic carbon to total carbon increased. With the prolongation of reclamation period, the inorganic carbon content and storage of soil in 0-60cm tillage layer showed a trend of "decrease-increase-decrease", and the proportion of inorganic carbon storage to total carbon decreased. Compared with the original wasteland, the soil inorganic carbon storage of 0-60cm tillage layer decreased by 55% after 50 years of reclamation. The soil inorganic carbon storage of 0-200cm increased by 11.74 kg / kg 路m ~ (- 2), and the ratio of inorganic carbon storage to total carbon decreased by 1.28 percent. (3) the depth of soil pH, salt and inorganic carbon was significantly affected by the prolongation of reclamation years. They are concentrated in the 0-60cm ploughing layer, 0-140cm and the whole range of study depth.
【作者单位】：中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室;中国科学院阜康荒漠生态系统国家站;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：自治区青年科技创新人才培养项目(2014711009) 国家自然科学基金项目(41371200,4167114)
【分类号】：S153.6

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