棉花秸秆还田对土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of cotton straw returning to field on soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity, the experiment was carried out in Dezhou City Qintousi Economic Development Zone, the cotton research base of Shandong Agricultural University, and two treatments of returning cotton straw to the field and not returning to the field were set up. The effect of cotton straw returning to soil on soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity in 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer was studied for 4 years. The results showed that cotton straw return could significantly increase the annual average total number of soil microorganisms in 0 ~ 20 cm,20~40 cm,40~60 cm soil layer, which increased 19.87%, 20.07% and 56.15% respectively compared with that of non-returning soil. The average number of soil bacteria and fungi increased by 20.91%, 26.38% (0 / 20), 20.59%, 31.18% (20 / 40) and 56.85% and 32.30% (40 / 60) respectively. The average number of actinomycetes in soil increased by 4.29%, 11.62% and 54.00%, respectively, compared with that of non-returning soil. The results showed that the average number of actinomycetes increased significantly in 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm soil layers. The soil urease activity in 0 ~ 20 cm,20~40 cm,40~60 cm soil layer was 4.27%, 13.43% and 24.03% higher than that in non-returning soil, respectively, and the soil urease activity was increased by 4.27%, 13.43% and 24.03%, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences in the total sampling period (except September) and the sampling period of 40 cm / 60 cm soil layer (except for July) in 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm soil layer except for July. The soil sucrase activity was increased by 27.08% in all sampling periods of 0 ~ 20 cm, in 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer except May and in 40 ~ 60 cm soil layer except August, respectively, with straw returning to the field at the whole sampling period of 0 ~ 20 cm, with the exception of May and August, the soil sucrase activity was increased by 27.08% as compared with that of non-returning soil. 46.96%, 57.59%; Except for July and August, the catalase activity of soil in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer during other sampling period was significantly increased under the condition of cotton straw returning, which was 8.73% higher than that of the non-returning soil layer, but except in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm in 5, 6 and 6 months, the soil catalase activity was increased by 8.73%. The effect of straw return on soil catalase activity in 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm soil layers was not significantly different from that in 20 ~ 40 cm and 40 ~ 60 cm soil layers. The above results indicate that continuous cotton straw returning to the field is beneficial to maintain and improve the biological characteristics of the soil.
【作者单位】: 山东农业大学农学院作物生物学国家重点实验室;烟台市农业技术推广中心;平顶山市种子管理站;
【基金】:国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B06) 国家自然科学基金(31601253) 山东省现代农业产业技术体系(棉花)建设专项资金(SDAIT-03) 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016CQ20) 山东省农业良种工程课题(2013LZ;2014LZ) 山东农业大学盐碱地改良利用项目(2014)
【分类号】:S154;S141.4
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