低温寒冻害对青枣苗及果实品质的影响
发布时间：2019-04-17 05:31
【摘要】：台湾青枣是热带水果,近年在华南地区种植面积较大,低温寒冻时往往会造成严重的损失。为了解低温对青枣苗的影响,采用盆栽方法在人工气候箱内对一年生青枣嫁接苗(脆蜜)进行低温处理,日最低温度(Tmin)为2°C、1°C、0°C、-1°C、-2°C、-3°C、-4°C,日较差设为15°C按照固定程序设置日内温度变化过程,每个处理持续1~3d,每处理3盆;在处理结束后当日分别对青枣苗形态和生理生化指标进行观测,常温下放置10d后观测恢复情况,分析造成青枣苗叶片和枝条受害的界限低温,初步构建青枣苗寒害指标等级,并于2014-2015和2015-2016冬季在广东阳山县南岭自然保护区南坡进行3个不同海拔高度的地理移置试验,对人工气候箱试验建立的指标进行检验和订正。通过采集丰顺果园与潮州果园不同时间段的成熟果实,来测定其物理和营养品质,并分析气象因子与青枣品质的关系。研究结果如下:(1)SOD酶活性随着日最低温度的降低,呈上升趋势;相对电导率随着温度的降低或处理时间的延长都有不同程度的增加;随着日最温度的下降,MDA含量逐渐上升,但当温度下降到-2°C时,可以明显的观察到,随着处理周期的延长,MDA含量却逐渐下降;可溶性糖含量和可溶性蛋白含量随处理日最低温度的降低,呈先增加后降低的趋势,而游离脯氨酸含量随处理日最低温度的降低呈不断上升的趋势。(2)地理移置试验结果与人工控制试验结果一致。青枣苗的寒害指标等级分别为:Tmin≤-4°C,持续时间1d,植株受到致死性寒害;-4°CTmin≤-3°C,持续时间3d,植株受严重寒害;-3°CTmin≤-2°C,持续时间1d,植株受到中等寒害;Tmin=-2°C,持续时间3d,植株受到轻微寒害;-2°C为青枣植株受寒害的临界温度。(3)青枣果实的体积、鲜重、固形物含量与平均气温、最低气温以及气温日较差均有显著相关性;硬度与相对湿度有一定相关性;可溶性糖含量与气温日较差以及光合有效辐射有较好的正相关性;维生素C含量与气象因子相关性不显著。
[Abstract]:Zizyphus jujuba is a tropical fruit which is planted in South China in recent years and often causes serious losses when it is cold and cold. In order to understand the effect of low temperature on green jujube seedlings, the grafted annual green jujube seedlings (brittle honey) were treated at low temperature by pot in an artificial climate box. The daily minimum temperature (Tmin) was 2 掳C, 1 掳C, 0 掳C,-1 掳C,-2 掳C,-3 掳C,-4 掳C, and the lowest daily temperature was 2 掳C, 1 掳C, 0 掳C,-1 掳C,-2 掳C,-3 掳C. The diurnal difference was set at 15 掳C according to the fixed procedure. Each treatment lasted 1? 3 days and 3 pots per treatment. The morphological, physiological and biochemical indexes of green jujube seedlings were observed on the day after the treatment, and the recovery was observed after 10 days' storage at room temperature. The threshold low temperature of the damage to the leaves and branches of green jujube seedlings was analyzed, and the index grade of cold injury of green jujube seedlings was preliminarily constructed. In the winter of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, three geographical displacement tests at different altitude were carried out in Nanling Nature Reserve, Yangshan County, Guangdong Province, to test and revise the indexes established by the artificial climate box test in the south slope of Nanling Nature Reserve, Yangshan County, Guangdong Province. The physical and nutritional quality of mature fruits in Fengshun orchard and Chaozhou orchard were measured and the relationship between meteorological factors and the quality of green jujube was analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) the activity of SOD enzyme increases with the decrease of daily minimum temperature, and the relative conductivity increases with the decrease of temperature or the prolongation of treatment time. With the decrease of daily maximum temperature, the content of MDA increased gradually, but when the temperature dropped to-2 掳C, it was observed that the content of MDA decreased gradually with the prolongation of the treatment period. The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein increased first and then decreased with the decrease of the lowest temperature of the treatment day. The content of free proline increased with the decrease of the lowest temperature of the treatment day. (2) the result of geographical displacement test was consistent with the result of artificial control test. The index grades of cold injury of green jujube seedlings were as follows: Tmin 鈮，
本文编号：2459130
[Abstract]:Zizyphus jujuba is a tropical fruit which is planted in South China in recent years and often causes serious losses when it is cold and cold. In order to understand the effect of low temperature on green jujube seedlings, the grafted annual green jujube seedlings (brittle honey) were treated at low temperature by pot in an artificial climate box. The daily minimum temperature (Tmin) was 2 掳C, 1 掳C, 0 掳C,-1 掳C,-2 掳C,-3 掳C,-4 掳C, and the lowest daily temperature was 2 掳C, 1 掳C, 0 掳C,-1 掳C,-2 掳C,-3 掳C. The diurnal difference was set at 15 掳C according to the fixed procedure. Each treatment lasted 1? 3 days and 3 pots per treatment. The morphological, physiological and biochemical indexes of green jujube seedlings were observed on the day after the treatment, and the recovery was observed after 10 days' storage at room temperature. The threshold low temperature of the damage to the leaves and branches of green jujube seedlings was analyzed, and the index grade of cold injury of green jujube seedlings was preliminarily constructed. In the winter of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016, three geographical displacement tests at different altitude were carried out in Nanling Nature Reserve, Yangshan County, Guangdong Province, to test and revise the indexes established by the artificial climate box test in the south slope of Nanling Nature Reserve, Yangshan County, Guangdong Province. The physical and nutritional quality of mature fruits in Fengshun orchard and Chaozhou orchard were measured and the relationship between meteorological factors and the quality of green jujube was analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) the activity of SOD enzyme increases with the decrease of daily minimum temperature, and the relative conductivity increases with the decrease of temperature or the prolongation of treatment time. With the decrease of daily maximum temperature, the content of MDA increased gradually, but when the temperature dropped to-2 掳C, it was observed that the content of MDA decreased gradually with the prolongation of the treatment period. The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein increased first and then decreased with the decrease of the lowest temperature of the treatment day. The content of free proline increased with the decrease of the lowest temperature of the treatment day. (2) the result of geographical displacement test was consistent with the result of artificial control test. The index grades of cold injury of green jujube seedlings were as follows: Tmin 鈮，
本文编号：2459130
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