植物源气味化合物与黏虫性信息素协同作用初步研究
发布时间：2019-05-29 18:18
【摘要】：黏虫Mythimna separata(Walker)是较难预测的迁飞性害虫,2012年8月在华北、东北地区特大发生。黏虫性信息素的研究较为滞后,体现在同科的棉铃虫成虫监测可以应用性诱剂(棉铃虫测报调查规范GB/T 15800-2009)而黏虫的成虫监测(粘虫测报调查规范GB/T15798-2009)仍然依靠灯光和糖醋液而无法利用性信息素。自然界的黏虫须吸取花蜜才能完成迁飞和繁殖,蜜源植物花中的某些挥发性组分是否是与性信息素协同作用来引导黏虫的雌雄交配的?黏虫性信息素通信信道较宽是否说明性信息素对黏虫交配引导的重要性低于其他害虫如棉铃虫?本文通过室内“Y”形管选择试验和野外水盆式诱捕器诱捕试验,初步研究了9种植物源挥发性化合物与黏虫性信息素的协同作用,采用GC-MS对黏虫性信息素组分进行了定量分析,探索了9种化合物的挥发特性。主要结果如下:(1)9种挥发物的挥发特性:正丁醇(Butyl alcohol)、罗勒烯(Ocimene)、苯甲醛(Benzaldehyde)和β-蒎烯(β-pinene)4种化合物挥发速率较快,其中正丁醇(Butyl alcohol)6小时将5μL毛细管内溶液挥发完;苯乙醛(Phenyl-acetaldehyde)、苯甲醇(Phenyl methanol)、2-苯乙醇(2-Phenylethanol)、苯甲酸乙酯(Ethyl benzoate)和乙酸苯甲酯(Benzyl acetate)挥发相对较慢,其中苯甲酸乙酯(Ethyl benzoate)276小时挥发1.58μL,增效作用相同的情况下,后5种挥发慢的化合物更适合做诱芯增效剂。(2)室内“Y”形管试验表明:苯甲酸乙酯对性信息增效作用显著;罗勒烯和β-蒎烯对黏虫具有一定驱避作用,且罗勒烯驱避作用显著。在1μL~20μL范围内,随着剂量的增加,苯甲酸乙酯对性信息素(1μL)增效作用减弱。苯乙醛与苯甲酸乙酯、苯乙醛与乙酸苯甲酯按1:1比例复配时,对性信息素增效作用都显著;苯乙醛、苯甲酸乙酯和乙酸苯甲酯三种化合物按1:1:1比例复配对性信息增效作用也显著。苯乙醛、苯甲酸乙酯和乙酸苯甲酯三种化合物两两或三种一块按不同比例复配时,苯乙醛与乙酸苯甲酯按不同比例复配,随着乙酸苯甲酯的量增加,增效作用减弱;苯乙醛与苯甲酸乙酯按不同比例复配时,虽然对性信息素都有增效作用,但不同比例相比,差异不显著。(3)野外诱捕试验中,9种植物源化合物单剂引诱不到黏虫;在苯乙醛、苯甲酸乙酯、乙酸苯甲酯3种单剂和复合剂的增效诱捕试验中,发现4μL的苯甲酸乙酯对性信息素(10μL)增效作用与性信息素化合物比具有显著性差异。苯乙醛与苯甲酸乙酯按3:7比例复配,诱虫效果最好,与性信息素诱虫效果有显著差异。(4)通过对4日龄黏虫雌蛾性信息素腺体进行GC-MS分析,发现性信息素组分(Z)-11-十六碳烯醛(Z11-16:Ald)和(Z)-9-十六碳烯醛(Z9-16:Ald)比例为9:91,与以往性信息组分比不同,也许与不同日龄、不同时间段的性信息组分有波动有关,在波动范围内都可以引诱到雄蛾。(5)将性信息组分(Z)-11-十六碳烯醛(Z11-16:Ald)和(Z)-9-十六碳烯醛(Z9-16:Ald)分别按95:5和9:91配制,室内“Y”形管选择试验发现:4日龄黏虫雄蛾对不同比例组成的性信息素选择趋性差异不显著;植物源化合物苯乙醛与苯甲酸乙酯按1:9混合(1μL)对新配比的性信息素(1μL)诱芯有显著增效作用。
[Abstract]:Mythimna sepa (Walker) is a more difficult-to-predict migratory pest. In August,2012, the large-scale occurrence of Mythimna sepa (Walker) in North China and Northeast China. The research of the insect-binding pheromone is lagging, and the monitoring of the adult cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) in the same family can be applied (the survey of the bollworm of the cotton bollworm (GB/ T 15800-2009), and the adult monitoring of the sticky insect (the survey and survey specification GB/ T 15798-2009) still relies on the light and the sugar and vinegar to make use of the sex pheromone. In nature, it is necessary to draw the nectar to complete the migration and reproduction, and whether some of the volatile components in the flower of the honey-source plant are co-acting with sex pheromone to guide the male and female mating of the sticky insect? Is the importance of the wider information element communication channel wider than that of other pests, such as cotton bollworm? In this paper, by means of indoor "Y"-tube selection test and field water basin-type trap trapping test, the synergistic effect of the volatile compounds of nine kinds of plant sources and the insect-binding pheromone was studied, and the components of the insect-binding pheromone were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS. The volatile properties of 9 compounds were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) The volatile characteristics of nine volatile compounds: Buyl alcohol, Occirene, Benzaldehyde (Benethdehyde) and 1-ene (1-pinene), the volatile rate of 4 compounds is fast, and the solution of n-butanol (Buyl alcohol) is evaporated in 5 & mu; L of the capillary in 6 hours; Benzaldehyde (Phenyl-acetaldehyde), benzyl alcohol,2-phenethyl (2-phenylenol), ethyl benzoate and Benzyl acetate are relatively slow to volatilize, wherein ethyl benzoate (ethyl benzoate) is volatilized at a temperature of 1.58 & mu; L for 276 hours, and the synergistic effect is the same. The five volatile compounds are more suitable for the core-inducing synergist. (2) The results of indoor "Y"-tube test show that ethyl benzoate plays a significant role in increasing the efficiency of the sex information, and the effect of the rolerene and the p-ene on the mucin has a certain repellent effect, and the effect of the roleen repellent is significant. In the range of 1. m u.L to 20. m u.L, the effect of ethyl benzoate on the efficiency of sex pheromone (1. mu.L) was decreased with the increase of the dose. The effect of phenylacetaldehyde, ethyl benzoate and methyl acetate on the efficiency of sex pheromone was significant, and the effect of the three compounds of benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate and methyl acetate on the ratio of 1:1:1 was also significant. when the two or three compounds of the three compounds of the phenylacetaldehyde, the ethyl benzoate and the methyl acetate are compounded according to different proportions, the benzaldehyde and the methyl benzene methyl ester are compounded according to different proportions, and the synergistic effect is reduced as the amount of the methyl benzene methyl ester is increased; and when the benzaldehyde and the ethyl benzoate are compounded according to different proportions, Although there was a synergistic effect on the sex pheromone, the difference was not significant. (3) in the field trapping test, the single agent of the nine plant source compounds can not be used for attracting the sticky insect; in the synergistic trapping test of the three single-dose and the compound agent of the benzene acetaldehyde, the ethyl benzoate and the methyl acetate, 4. m u.L of ethyl benzoate was found to have a significant difference in the synergistic effect of the sex pheromone (10. mu.L) and the sex pheromone compound. Benzaldehyde and ethyl benzoate are compounded according to the ratio of 3:7, and the effect of the luring is the best, and there is a significant difference with the effect of the sex pheromone. (4) It was found that the proportion of the sex pheromone component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: Ald) of the sex pheromone component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: The sex information components of different time periods are related to the fluctuation, and can be attracted to the male moth in the fluctuation range. (5) The sex information component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: Ald) were prepared according to 95:5 and 9:91, respectively, and the selection test of the indoor "Y"-shaped tube found that the sex pheromone of the 4-day-old Moth moth had no significant difference in the selection of sex pheromone. The plant-derived compound benzaldehyde and ethyl benzoate were mixed with 1:9 (1. mu.L) to the new ratio of sex pheromone (1. mu.L).
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S433.4
[Abstract]:Mythimna sepa (Walker) is a more difficult-to-predict migratory pest. In August,2012, the large-scale occurrence of Mythimna sepa (Walker) in North China and Northeast China. The research of the insect-binding pheromone is lagging, and the monitoring of the adult cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) in the same family can be applied (the survey of the bollworm of the cotton bollworm (GB/ T 15800-2009), and the adult monitoring of the sticky insect (the survey and survey specification GB/ T 15798-2009) still relies on the light and the sugar and vinegar to make use of the sex pheromone. In nature, it is necessary to draw the nectar to complete the migration and reproduction, and whether some of the volatile components in the flower of the honey-source plant are co-acting with sex pheromone to guide the male and female mating of the sticky insect? Is the importance of the wider information element communication channel wider than that of other pests, such as cotton bollworm? In this paper, by means of indoor "Y"-tube selection test and field water basin-type trap trapping test, the synergistic effect of the volatile compounds of nine kinds of plant sources and the insect-binding pheromone was studied, and the components of the insect-binding pheromone were quantitatively analyzed by GC-MS. The volatile properties of 9 compounds were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) The volatile characteristics of nine volatile compounds: Buyl alcohol, Occirene, Benzaldehyde (Benethdehyde) and 1-ene (1-pinene), the volatile rate of 4 compounds is fast, and the solution of n-butanol (Buyl alcohol) is evaporated in 5 & mu; L of the capillary in 6 hours; Benzaldehyde (Phenyl-acetaldehyde), benzyl alcohol,2-phenethyl (2-phenylenol), ethyl benzoate and Benzyl acetate are relatively slow to volatilize, wherein ethyl benzoate (ethyl benzoate) is volatilized at a temperature of 1.58 & mu; L for 276 hours, and the synergistic effect is the same. The five volatile compounds are more suitable for the core-inducing synergist. (2) The results of indoor "Y"-tube test show that ethyl benzoate plays a significant role in increasing the efficiency of the sex information, and the effect of the rolerene and the p-ene on the mucin has a certain repellent effect, and the effect of the roleen repellent is significant. In the range of 1. m u.L to 20. m u.L, the effect of ethyl benzoate on the efficiency of sex pheromone (1. mu.L) was decreased with the increase of the dose. The effect of phenylacetaldehyde, ethyl benzoate and methyl acetate on the efficiency of sex pheromone was significant, and the effect of the three compounds of benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate and methyl acetate on the ratio of 1:1:1 was also significant. when the two or three compounds of the three compounds of the phenylacetaldehyde, the ethyl benzoate and the methyl acetate are compounded according to different proportions, the benzaldehyde and the methyl benzene methyl ester are compounded according to different proportions, and the synergistic effect is reduced as the amount of the methyl benzene methyl ester is increased; and when the benzaldehyde and the ethyl benzoate are compounded according to different proportions, Although there was a synergistic effect on the sex pheromone, the difference was not significant. (3) in the field trapping test, the single agent of the nine plant source compounds can not be used for attracting the sticky insect; in the synergistic trapping test of the three single-dose and the compound agent of the benzene acetaldehyde, the ethyl benzoate and the methyl acetate, 4. m u.L of ethyl benzoate was found to have a significant difference in the synergistic effect of the sex pheromone (10. mu.L) and the sex pheromone compound. Benzaldehyde and ethyl benzoate are compounded according to the ratio of 3:7, and the effect of the luring is the best, and there is a significant difference with the effect of the sex pheromone. (4) It was found that the proportion of the sex pheromone component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: Ald) of the sex pheromone component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: The sex information components of different time periods are related to the fluctuation, and can be attracted to the male moth in the fluctuation range. (5) The sex information component (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16: Ald) and (Z)-9-hexadecenal (Z9-16: Ald) were prepared according to 95:5 and 9:91, respectively, and the selection test of the indoor "Y"-shaped tube found that the sex pheromone of the 4-day-old Moth moth had no significant difference in the selection of sex pheromone. The plant-derived compound benzaldehyde and ethyl benzoate were mixed with 1:9 (1. mu.L) to the new ratio of sex pheromone (1. mu.L).
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S433.4
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