不同参数下植被过滤带对径流中农药的净化效果研究

发布时间：2019-06-01 17:47

【摘要】：陕西眉县地区在农业生产时使用的新型农药高效氯氟氰菊酯随着径流流入受纳水体,对河虾和鱼危害极大。植被过滤带作为生物工程措施主要集中在对泥沙、氮、磷、COD等污染物的净化效果研究方面,但是对径流中农药的净化效果研究较少。该研究旨在为西北地区应用植被过滤带控制径流中主要农药残留物提供理论依据与参考。通过野外水流试验,研究了在不同参数条件下,植被过滤带(沙棘灌木(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)、草本植被)对径流中农药的净化效果。结果表明:当流量为0.85 L·s~(-1),质量浓度为0.3 mg·L~(-1),土壤初始含水率分别为20%、50%、70%时,土壤初始含水率越低,浓度削减率越高;当质量浓度为0.3 mg·L~(-1),土壤初始含水率为20%,入流流量分别为0.85、1.5、7.1 L·s~(-1)时,入流流量越小,净化效果越好,当入流流量为0.85 L·s~(-1)时,沙棘过滤带的浓度削减率、负荷削减率高达62%、86.02%,草本过滤带的浓度削减率、负荷削减率高达62.67%、87.69%;当流量为0.85 L·s~(-1),土壤初始含水率为20%,入流污染物质量浓度分别为0.3、0.6、0.9 mg·L~(-1)时,入流浓度越大,净化效果越好,当入流农药质量浓度为0.9 mg·L~(-1)时,沙棘过滤带浓度削减率、负荷削减率分别高达83%、91.38%,草本过滤带的浓度削减率、负荷削减率分别达84.33%、95.43%。此外,通过对比和计算可知,草本植被过滤袋净化效果优于沙棘灌木过滤带。
[Abstract]:Cypermethrin, a new pesticide used in agricultural production in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, is of great harm to shrimp and fish with the inflow of cypermethrin into the receiving water body. As a bioengineering measure, vegetation filtration zone mainly focuses on the purification effect of sediment, nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and other pollutants, but the purification effect of pesticides in runoff is less studied. The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical basis and reference for the application of vegetation filtration zone to control the main pesticide residues in runoff in Northwest China. The purification effect of vegetation filtration zone (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), herbaceous vegetation) on pesticides in runoff under different parameters was studied by field flow experiment. The results showed that when the flow rate was 0.85 L 路s ~ (- 1), the mass concentration was 0.3 mg 路L ~ (- 1), and the initial soil moisture content was 20%, 50% and 70%, the lower the initial soil moisture content was, the higher the concentration reduction rate was. When the mass concentration is 0.3 mg 路L ~ (- 1), the initial soil moisture content is 20%, and the inflow flow rate is 0.85 L 路s ~ (- 1), the smaller the inflow flow rate is, the better the purification effect is. When the inflow flow rate is 0.85 L 路s ~ (- 1), the concentration reduction rate of seabuckthorn filter belt is 62%, 86.02%, and the load reduction rate of herbal filter belt is 62.67% and 87.69%, respectively. When the flow rate is 0.85 L 路s ~ (- 1), the initial soil moisture content is 20%, and the mass concentration of incoming pollutants is 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mg 路L ~ (- 1), the higher the inflow concentration is, the better the purification effect is. When the mass concentration of influent pesticide is 0.9 mg 路L ~ (- 1), the concentration reduction rate and load reduction rate of seabuckthorn filter belt are 83% and 91.38%, respectively, and the concentration reduction rate and load reduction rate of herbal filter belt are 84.33%, respectively. the concentration reduction rate and load reduction rate of Hippophae rhamnoides filter belt are as high as 83% and 91.38%, respectively. 95.43%. In addition, through comparison and calculation, it can be seen that the purification effect of herbal vegetation filter bag is better than that of seabuckthorn shrubs.
【作者单位】：西北大学城市与环境学院;西安理工大学//西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51279163) 西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地项目(2016KFKT-4)
【分类号】：X592

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