基于处方图的变量施液态肥控制系统关键技术研究
发布时间：2019-06-06 04:12
【摘要】：变量施液态肥技术得以快速发展的原因在于其能够显著提高化学肥料的利用率。通过实施按需变量施入,能够有效地缓解由于化学肥料不正确施入带来的环境污染问题,起到降低农业生产成本的积极作用。因此,变量施液态肥技术成为现代农机装备领域的重点研究内容。本研究以提高化肥利用率为目标,农机农艺知识融合,理论分析、台架试验与田间试验结合,研究变量施肥控制系统关键技术。课题研究分为四部分:上位机终端控制器、信号通讯模块、下位机施肥控制器以及变量施液态肥施肥装置。主要研究内容如下:(1)以车载终端控制器为系统研发基础,其中包括地理位置信息采集、处方图信息查询、目标施肥量计算、位置滞后模型修正,研究并开发了基于Win CE嵌入式一体触摸屏控制软件。(2)以通讯模块为系统的枢纽,其中包括RS-232串口与车载计算机进行通信,MAX485与下位机施肥控制器的通讯连接并采用异步传输的通信方式。车载终端计算机对下位机闭环控制器采用了串口中断的通信方式。(3)以下位机施肥控制器作为系统研发的主要内容,其中包括接收并调节控制信号、驱动阀口电路、对比计算反馈信号,研发了基于单片机变量施液态肥控制器。(4)以施肥装置作为系统的执行部分,包括柴油机、施肥泵、电控压力调节阀、流量计、压力调节阀,研发了施肥装置。(5)通过MATLAB软件对下位机控制系统各模块建立模型,并用simulink模块对系统工作过程进行模拟仿真,结果表明,变量施液态肥控制系统工作稳定,具有可行性。(6)对变量施液态肥装置控制系统性能进行试验研究,分别实施了基于液压系统为动力源和基于电动机为动力源的变量施液态肥装置控制系统性能台架试验及基于柴油机为动力源的变量施液态肥装置控制系统性能田间试验。对施肥装置的稳定性、施肥均匀性、施肥精度进行测试。试验结果表明,变量施液态肥控制系统性能满足设计要求。
[Abstract]:The reason for the rapid development of variable liquid fertilizer technology is that it can significantly improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer. Through the application of on-demand variables, the problem of environmental pollution caused by incorrect application of chemical fertilizer can be effectively alleviated, and the cost of agricultural production can be reduced. Therefore, variable application of liquid fertilizer technology has become the key research content in the field of modern agricultural machinery and equipment. In order to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, the key technologies of variable rate fertilizer control system were studied by the integration of agronomical knowledge, theoretical analysis, bench test and field experiment. The research is divided into four parts: upper computer terminal controller, signal communication module, lower computer fertilizer controller and variable application liquid fertilizer device. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the vehicle terminal controller, including geographical position information collection, prescription map information query, target fertilizer amount calculation, position lag model correction, The embedded touch screen control software based on Win CE is studied and developed. (2) the communication module is used as the hub of the system, including RS-232 serial port and on-board computer communication. The communication between MAX485 and the fertilizer controller of the lower computer is connected and the asynchronous transmission mode is adopted. The vehicle terminal computer adopts the serial port interrupt communication mode to the lower computer closed-loop controller. (3) the following computer fertilizing controller is the main content of the system research and development, including receiving and adjusting the control signal and driving the valve port circuit. The liquid fertilizer controller based on single chip microcomputer variable application is developed by comparing and calculating the feedback signal. (4) the fertilizer application device is used as the executive part of the system, including diesel engine, fertilizer pump, electronic control pressure regulating valve, Flowmeter, pressure regulating valve, The fertilizer application device has been developed. (5) the model of each module of the lower computer control system is established by MATLAB software, and the working process of the system is simulated by simulink module. The results show that the variable application liquid fertilizer control system works stably. It is feasible. (6) the performance of the control system of variable liquid fertilizer application device is tested and studied. The performance test of variable liquid fertilizer device control system based on hydraulic system and motor as power source and field test of variable liquid fertilizer device control system based on diesel engine as power source are carried out respectively. The stability, uniformity and precision of fertilizer application were tested. The experimental results show that the performance of the variable application liquid fertilizer control system meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S224.2
本文编号：2494058
[Abstract]:The reason for the rapid development of variable liquid fertilizer technology is that it can significantly improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer. Through the application of on-demand variables, the problem of environmental pollution caused by incorrect application of chemical fertilizer can be effectively alleviated, and the cost of agricultural production can be reduced. Therefore, variable application of liquid fertilizer technology has become the key research content in the field of modern agricultural machinery and equipment. In order to improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, the key technologies of variable rate fertilizer control system were studied by the integration of agronomical knowledge, theoretical analysis, bench test and field experiment. The research is divided into four parts: upper computer terminal controller, signal communication module, lower computer fertilizer controller and variable application liquid fertilizer device. The main research contents are as follows: (1) based on the vehicle terminal controller, including geographical position information collection, prescription map information query, target fertilizer amount calculation, position lag model correction, The embedded touch screen control software based on Win CE is studied and developed. (2) the communication module is used as the hub of the system, including RS-232 serial port and on-board computer communication. The communication between MAX485 and the fertilizer controller of the lower computer is connected and the asynchronous transmission mode is adopted. The vehicle terminal computer adopts the serial port interrupt communication mode to the lower computer closed-loop controller. (3) the following computer fertilizing controller is the main content of the system research and development, including receiving and adjusting the control signal and driving the valve port circuit. The liquid fertilizer controller based on single chip microcomputer variable application is developed by comparing and calculating the feedback signal. (4) the fertilizer application device is used as the executive part of the system, including diesel engine, fertilizer pump, electronic control pressure regulating valve, Flowmeter, pressure regulating valve, The fertilizer application device has been developed. (5) the model of each module of the lower computer control system is established by MATLAB software, and the working process of the system is simulated by simulink module. The results show that the variable application liquid fertilizer control system works stably. It is feasible. (6) the performance of the control system of variable liquid fertilizer application device is tested and studied. The performance test of variable liquid fertilizer device control system based on hydraulic system and motor as power source and field test of variable liquid fertilizer device control system based on diesel engine as power source are carried out respectively. The stability, uniformity and precision of fertilizer application were tested. The experimental results show that the performance of the variable application liquid fertilizer control system meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S224.2
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