几株溶磷细菌的筛选和鉴定及其溶磷效果

发布时间：2019-06-25 07:20

【摘要】：[目的]本研究旨在利用微生物活化土壤中的磷素,提高植物磷素吸收效率,促进植物生长。[方法]采用蒙金娜固体平板从不同类型的土壤中分离筛选溶磷效果较好的细菌菌株,通过形态学观察、理化特性检测和16S rRNA基因序列分析对菌株进行鉴定,摇瓶试验比较研究其溶解Ca3(PO4)2及氟磷灰石的能力,并采用定性的方法检测其产生IAA及铁载体的能力,盆栽试验探索其对大豆促生的潜能。[结果]从土壤中分离获得7株溶磷细菌san5、san6、san8、DLT2、DLT3、DLT4、DK6。菌株san8和DLT4对Ca3(PO4)2、氟磷灰石的溶解效率明显优于其他菌株。各菌株分泌有机酸种类和数量差异较大,且多数菌株能分泌草酸、苹果酸、丙二酸、乙酸。菌株san5、san6、san8、DLT3和DK6产吲哚乙酸(IAA),菌株san6、DLT3和DLT4产铁载体。初步鉴定菌株san5、san8和DK6为Enterobacter sp.,菌株san6和DLT2为Pantoea sp.,菌株DLT3和DLT4为Acinetobacter sp.。盆栽试验发现,接种单一溶磷菌及多株复合菌处理均可促进大豆生长,增加土壤速效磷含量,但3株复合菌处理的溶磷促生效果显著高于单一菌株。[结论]溶磷菌能将土壤中难溶性磷酸盐转化为植物能吸收利用的可溶性磷,从而提高土壤中有效磷含量,促进植株生长发育,并且复合菌的溶磷促生效果显著高于单一菌株。
[Abstract]:[objective] the purpose of this study was to activate phosphorus in soil by microorganisms, to improve the efficiency of plant phosphorus absorption and to promote plant growth. [methods] the bacterial strains with good phosphorus dissolving effect were isolated and screened from different types of soils by Monjina solid plate. The strains were identified by morphological observation, physical and chemical properties and 16s rRNA gene sequence analysis. The ability of dissolving Ca3 (PO4) 2 and fluoroapatite was compared by shaking flask test, and its ability to produce IAA and iron carrier was detected qualitatively, and its potential for soybean growth was explored by pot experiment. [results] Seven strains of phosphorus-soluble bacteria san5,san6,san8,DLT2,DLT3,DLT4,DK6. were isolated from soil. The dissolution efficiency of Ca3 (PO4) 2 and fluoroapatite by strains san8 and DLT4 was significantly better than that of other strains. The types and quantities of organic acids secreted by each strain varied greatly, and most strains could secrete oxalic acid, malic acid and acetic acid. Strain san5,san6,san8,DLT3 and DK6 produced indoleacetic acid (IAA), strain san6,DLT3 and DLT4 iron-producing vector. Preliminary identification of strains san5,san8 and DK6 as Enterobacter sp., strains san6 and DLT2 as Pantoea sp., strains DLT3 and DLT4 as Acinetobacter sp.. Pot experiment showed that inoculating single phosphorus dissolving bacteria and multiple compound bacteria could promote the growth of soybean and increase the content of available phosphorus in soil, but the effect of three compound bacteria treatments was significantly higher than that of single strain. [conclusion] phosphorus soluble bacteria can transform insoluble phosphate in soil into soluble phosphorus which can be absorbed by plants, so as to increase the content of available phosphorus in soil and promote plant growth and development, and the effect of compound bacteria is significantly higher than that of single strain.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB150504) 国家自然科学基金项目(41671256)
【分类号】：S154.3

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