紫色土水分和壤中流对降雨强度的响应

发布时间：2019-06-25 17:00

【摘要】：为研究降雨强度对紫色土坡耕地不同深度土壤水分含量和壤中流的影响,初步揭示紫色土水分和壤中流之间的相互耦合关系,通过原位人工模拟降雨试验,在60,90,120 mm/h 3种降雨强度条件下,采用Minitrase TDR可埋式探头对紫色土坡耕地土壤剖面浅层(0—20cm)、中层(20—40cm)、深层(40—60cm)的土壤水分含量进行了实时连续测定,并在降雨过程中分层收集测量壤中流,开展了降雨—产流过程的观测试验。结果表明:(1)当雨强较小时,浅层土壤含水率变化曲线呈现上升期和稳定期,随着雨强和深度的增加则呈上升期、稳定期或始终处于稳定期;(2)随深度和降雨强度的增加,土壤含水率稳定时间增加,含水率变化越小,响应越不明显;(3)在不同降雨强度条件下,各土层均有壤中流产生,低雨强条件下壤中流都是单峰产流过程,中雨强和高雨强下为双峰产流过程;(4)壤中流产流时间随雨强增大而显著减小,随深度增加而显著增加;(5)降雨强度与土壤水分含量和壤中流参数三者间相互有显著相关性。
[Abstract]:in ord to study that effect of the rainfall intensity on the soil moisture content and the water flow in different depth of the purple soil slope, the mutual coupling relation between the water and the water flow of the purple soil is preliminarily revealed, and the rainfall test is simulated by in-situ artificial simulation, and under the condition of 60,90,120 mm/ h three rainfall intensity, The soil moisture content in the shallow layer (0-20cm), the middle layer (20-40 cm) and the deep layer (40-60 cm) of the purple soil slope cultivated land is measured in real time by using the Minitrase TDR-buried probe, The observation and experiment of the process of rainfall and runoff production are carried out. The results show that: (1) when the rain is strong, the water content change curve of the shallow soil shows the rising period and the stable period, and with the increase of the rain intensity and the depth, the rising period, the stable period or the stable period is at all times; and (2) with the increase of the depth and the rainfall intensity, The water content of the soil increases, the smaller the water content change, the less the response is, (3) Under the condition of different rainfall intensity, each soil layer has a single-peak flow generation process under the condition of low rain and strong rain, and the middle rain is strong and the high rain intensity is the double-peak production process; (4) The time of flow-in-flow was significantly reduced with the increase of the rainfall, and the rainfall intensity was significantly increased with the increase of depth; and (5) there was a significant correlation between the rainfall intensity and the soil moisture content and the flow parameters.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室;华中农业大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“碎石分布对紫色土坡面侵蚀的影响及其作用机制”(40120514) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项“紫色土丘陵区不同土层土壤水运移规律研究”(XDJK2013C152)
【分类号】：S157.1

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