基于CLM4.5模拟中国区域土壤湿度及其时空变化规律的研究
发布时间：2019-07-06 14:57
【摘要】：土壤湿度作为全球水循环的重要组成部分,在天气、气候、生态系统等领域起着举足轻重的作用,但是由于其很高的时间和空间变异性,大范围地观测土壤湿度数据是极度不易的。这使得中国区域长时间尺度土壤湿度的变化规律的研究变得具有更加特殊的研究意义。在本文中,通过研究CLM4.5对中国土壤湿度的数值模拟,同时将中国农业气象土壤水分数据集当做验证数据,对二者在时间和空间上的差异进行比较分析。同时,分析中国区域土壤湿度在1951-2010年间的时空变化规律,并探究土壤湿度与SPEI的相关关系。本文得到的主要结论如下：1.据中国区域0-10cm土壤水分的CLM4.5模拟结果显示,站点尺度实测值与模拟值的全年、春季、夏季、秋季、冬季的R方分别为0.755、0.783、0.763、0.712和0.716,且其分布特征都表现为了“两湿一千”的特点,也就是说,东北地区为土壤湿润半湿润区,南方和江淮流域是主要的土壤湿中心,而华北则较为干旱,尤其西北地区如内蒙古西部和新疆塔里木盆地沙漠地区是土壤湿度的干中心,总体上呈从西北向东南逐渐增加的趋势。此外,模拟平均值在全国范围均有不同程度的偏湿现象。2.分析了1951-2010年中国区域土壤湿度的时空变化特征及其变化周期规律,并从区域尺度上定量地检测土壤湿度的具体突变时间。从空间域的角度分析,长江中下游地区为土壤湿度异常现象的气候敏感区。华北地区、以及西北和东北大部分地区,且华北地区存在土壤湿度显著减小现象。从时域的角度来看,土壤水分的年际变化的第一主周期为18年左右,并以10年为第二个主要周期,上述两周期的波动变化特征控制着在整个时间域的土壤水分变化。从区域角度看,东北地区在80年代初土壤湿度变大,90年代中期土壤湿度急剧减小。华北地区自90年代后土壤湿度骤降。华东、华中地区土壤干湿变化快,土壤湿度变化年际周期短,振荡现象明显。华南地区土壤在1955年变湿,又在1960和2002年变干和变湿。青藏高原地区土壤湿度状态相对稳定,突变现象不明显。西南地区土壤湿度在1954年变干,而后在2000年后也有显著变干的趋势。西北地区土壤湿度小,在2008年以后土壤湿度有变大的趋势。3.气象干旱对土壤水分缺失,进而对农业干旱产生极重要影响。因此,分析气象干旱与土壤熵情的相互影响、考虑降水和蒸散等气象因子与土壤水分的相互关系是非常必要的。本文利用中国区域60年间(1951-2010年)的土壤湿度CLM4.5模拟值和SPEI产品资料,基于SVD法探究了它们在中国区域60年间的时空变化和相互耦合关系。土壤湿度与SPEI四个季节SVD分析第一模态的模态相关系数分别为0.85、0.86、0.90、0.77,表明二者的时空相关性特征显著,在各个季节都是高度正相关。可见,中国区域土壤墒情均与当季的大气水分盈缺相关密切,当季的气象干旱条件也与土壤湿度情况密不可分。
文内图片：
图片说明：图２．１中国分区示意图逡逑
[Abstract]:As an important part of the global water cycle, soil moisture plays an important role in weather, climate, ecosystem and other fields, but because of its high temporal and spatial variability, it is extremely difficult to observe soil moisture data on a large scale. This makes the study of the variation of soil moisture on a long time scale in China has more special research significance. In this paper, the numerical simulation of soil moisture in China by CLM4.5 is studied, and the agrometeorological soil moisture data set in China is used as the verification data, and the differences in time and space between the two are compared and analyzed. At the same time, the temporal and spatial variation of regional soil moisture in China from 1951 to 2010 was analyzed, and the relationship between soil moisture and SPEI was explored. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. According to the CLM4.5 simulation results of 0-10cm soil moisture in China, the R side of site scale measured values and simulated values in spring, summer, autumn and winter are 0.755, 0.783, 0.763, 0.712 and 0.716, respectively, and their distribution characteristics are the characteristics of "two wetness and one thousand". That is to say, Northeast China is a humid and semi-humid area of soil, and the south and Jianghuai River Basin are the main soil moisture centers. North China is relatively dry, especially in northwest China, such as western Inner Mongolia and the desert area of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, which is the dry center of soil moisture, which tends to increase gradually from northwest to southeast. In addition, the simulated average value has different degrees of partial humidity in the whole country. 2. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics and variation cycle of regional soil moisture in China from 1951 to 2010 were analyzed, and the specific mutation time of soil moisture was quantitatively detected on the regional scale. From the point of view of spatial domain, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are climate sensitive areas with abnormal soil moisture. There is a significant decrease in soil moisture in North China, as well as in most areas of Northwest and Northeast China. From the point of view of time domain, the first main period of interannual variation of soil moisture is about 18 years, and 10 years is the second main cycle. The fluctuation characteristics of the above two cycles control the change of soil moisture in the whole time domain. From the regional point of view, the soil moisture in Northeast China increased in the early 1980s and decreased sharply in the mid-1990s. The soil moisture in North China has plummeted since 1990 s. In East China and Central China, the soil dry and wet change is fast, the interannual period of soil moisture change is short, and the oscillatory phenomenon is obvious. The soil in South China became wet in 1955, dry and wet in 1960 and 2002. The state of soil moisture in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is relatively stable, and the sudden change is not obvious. The soil moisture in southwest China became dry in 1954 and then dry significantly after 2000. The soil moisture in northwest China is small, and the soil moisture tends to increase after 2008. 3. Meteorological drought has a very important impact on soil moisture deficiency and agricultural drought. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the interaction between meteorological drought and soil entropy, and to consider the relationship between meteorological factors such as precipitation and evaporation and soil moisture. Based on the CLM4.5 simulation values of soil moisture and SPEI product data in China during the past 60 years (1951-2010), the temporal and spatial variation and coupling relationship of soil moisture in China during the past 60 years were investigated based on SVD method. The modal correlation coefficients between soil moisture and the first mode of SVD analysis in four seasons of SPEI were 0.85, 0.86, 0.90 and 0.77, respectively, indicating that the temporal and spatial correlation characteristics of soil moisture and soil moisture were significant, and there was a high positive correlation in each season. It can be seen that the regional soil moisture in China is closely related to the atmospheric water surplus and deficit in the current season, and the meteorological and drought conditions in that season are also closely related to the soil moisture.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S152.7
本文编号：2511102
文内图片：
图片说明：图２．１中国分区示意图逡逑
[Abstract]:As an important part of the global water cycle, soil moisture plays an important role in weather, climate, ecosystem and other fields, but because of its high temporal and spatial variability, it is extremely difficult to observe soil moisture data on a large scale. This makes the study of the variation of soil moisture on a long time scale in China has more special research significance. In this paper, the numerical simulation of soil moisture in China by CLM4.5 is studied, and the agrometeorological soil moisture data set in China is used as the verification data, and the differences in time and space between the two are compared and analyzed. At the same time, the temporal and spatial variation of regional soil moisture in China from 1951 to 2010 was analyzed, and the relationship between soil moisture and SPEI was explored. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. According to the CLM4.5 simulation results of 0-10cm soil moisture in China, the R side of site scale measured values and simulated values in spring, summer, autumn and winter are 0.755, 0.783, 0.763, 0.712 and 0.716, respectively, and their distribution characteristics are the characteristics of "two wetness and one thousand". That is to say, Northeast China is a humid and semi-humid area of soil, and the south and Jianghuai River Basin are the main soil moisture centers. North China is relatively dry, especially in northwest China, such as western Inner Mongolia and the desert area of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, which is the dry center of soil moisture, which tends to increase gradually from northwest to southeast. In addition, the simulated average value has different degrees of partial humidity in the whole country. 2. The temporal and spatial variation characteristics and variation cycle of regional soil moisture in China from 1951 to 2010 were analyzed, and the specific mutation time of soil moisture was quantitatively detected on the regional scale. From the point of view of spatial domain, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are climate sensitive areas with abnormal soil moisture. There is a significant decrease in soil moisture in North China, as well as in most areas of Northwest and Northeast China. From the point of view of time domain, the first main period of interannual variation of soil moisture is about 18 years, and 10 years is the second main cycle. The fluctuation characteristics of the above two cycles control the change of soil moisture in the whole time domain. From the regional point of view, the soil moisture in Northeast China increased in the early 1980s and decreased sharply in the mid-1990s. The soil moisture in North China has plummeted since 1990 s. In East China and Central China, the soil dry and wet change is fast, the interannual period of soil moisture change is short, and the oscillatory phenomenon is obvious. The soil in South China became wet in 1955, dry and wet in 1960 and 2002. The state of soil moisture in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is relatively stable, and the sudden change is not obvious. The soil moisture in southwest China became dry in 1954 and then dry significantly after 2000. The soil moisture in northwest China is small, and the soil moisture tends to increase after 2008. 3. Meteorological drought has a very important impact on soil moisture deficiency and agricultural drought. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the interaction between meteorological drought and soil entropy, and to consider the relationship between meteorological factors such as precipitation and evaporation and soil moisture. Based on the CLM4.5 simulation values of soil moisture and SPEI product data in China during the past 60 years (1951-2010), the temporal and spatial variation and coupling relationship of soil moisture in China during the past 60 years were investigated based on SVD method. The modal correlation coefficients between soil moisture and the first mode of SVD analysis in four seasons of SPEI were 0.85, 0.86, 0.90 and 0.77, respectively, indicating that the temporal and spatial correlation characteristics of soil moisture and soil moisture were significant, and there was a high positive correlation in each season. It can be seen that the regional soil moisture in China is closely related to the atmospheric water surplus and deficit in the current season, and the meteorological and drought conditions in that season are also closely related to the soil moisture.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S152.7
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