秸秆还田和免耕对土壤有机碳特性及水稳性团聚体的影响
发布时间：2020-12-16 03:44
了解土壤中不同形态的碳,有机碳的分子特征以及对农作物系统中水稳性团聚体的贡献,对于维持农业生态系统的土壤质量和环境可持续性至关重要。秸秆还田,施肥和免耕等保护管理措施可显著改变土壤中有机碳（SOC）的含量、活性以及土壤中的水稳性团聚体,但这些耕作措施对稻-油轮作系统中土壤有机碳的含量以及质量的综合影响研究相对较少。本文选取了湖北省武穴市、荆州市、以及武汉市3个稻-油轮作长期定位试验点,每个试验点各有4种处理。其中武穴试验点的4种处理分别为传统耕作（CT）、传统耕作+秸秆还田（CTS）、免耕（NT）以及免耕+秸秆还田（NTS）。荆州试验点的4种处理分别为传统耕作（CT）,传统耕作+钾肥（CTK）,传统耕作+秸秆还田（CTS）,传统耕作+钾肥+秸秆还田（CTKS）。武汉试验点的4种处理分别为传统耕作（CT）、传统耕作+NPK肥（CTNPK）,传统耕作+秸秆还田（CTS）,传统耕作+秸秆还田+NPK肥（CTSNPK）。每个试验点探讨了秸秆还田对土壤有机碳（SOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）、微生物有机碳（MBC）、易氧化有机碳（EOC）、溶解有机碳（DOC）、土壤碳管理指数（SCMI）以及水稳性...
【文章来源】：华中农业大学湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：125 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
1 Introduction
1.1 Background and rationale
1.2 Soil organic carbon and crop rotation system
1.3 Effects of straw returning on SOC and soil properties
1.4 Effect of straw returning on SOC characteristics and chemical composition
1.5 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on water stable aggregates
1.6 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on SOC of soil aggregates
1.7 Purposes of the study
2 Materials and methods
2.1 Description of experimental sites and design
2.1.1 Wuxue site
2.1.2 Jingzhou site
2.1.3 Whan site
2.2 Crop management
2.3 Soil sampling
2.4 Water-stable aggregate separation and determination
2.5 Analytical methods and calculations
2.5.1 Initial soil characterization
2.5.2 Soil organic carbon and labile C fractions
13C NMR Spectra analysis"> 2.5.3 CPMAS 13C NMR Spectra analysis
2.5.4 Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy analysis
2.5.5 Carbon content analysis by SEM/EDX
2.5.6 SOC stocks quantification
2.5.7 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
2.6 Statistical analysis
3 Results
3.1 Effects of straw returning on SOC and labile C fractions
3.1.1 Soil organic carbon （SOC）
3.1.2 Microbial biomass carbon （MBC）
3.1.3 Dissolved organic carbon （DOC）
3.1.4 Particulate organic carbon （POC）
3.1.5 Easily oxidizable carbon （EOC）
3.2 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
3.3 Effects of straw returning on soil organic carbon stocks
3.4 Effects of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
3.5 Water stable aggregates and their stability indices
3.6 Effects of straw returning on SOC contents in aggregates
3.7 Effect of straw returning on the structure of soil aggregates
3.8 C content analysis by SEM/EDX
3.9 Correlations of SOC with C fractions, aggregates and chemical composition
3.9.1 Correlations among SOC, C fractions and SCMI
3.9.2 Relationships of SOC with different soil aggregates
3.9.3 Relationships among C fractions and chemical composition
3.9.4 Relationships of aggregates with chemical composition of SOC
4 Discussion
4.1 Effect of straw returning on SOC contents and stocks
4.2 Effect of straw returning on SOC organic C fractions
4.3 Effect of straw returning on soil carbon management index （SCMI）
4.4 Effect of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
4.5 Relationship among SOC, C fractions and chemical composition
4.6 Effects of straw returning on soil water stable aggregates
4.7 Relationship between soil organic carbon and soil aggregates
5 Conclusion and novelty of study
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Novelty of study
6 Future perspectives
7 Publications
7.1 Papers and Abstracts relating to this work
7.2 Other papers
References
Acknowledgements
本文编号：2919468
【文章来源】：华中农业大学湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：125 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
1 Introduction
1.1 Background and rationale
1.2 Soil organic carbon and crop rotation system
1.3 Effects of straw returning on SOC and soil properties
1.4 Effect of straw returning on SOC characteristics and chemical composition
1.5 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on water stable aggregates
1.6 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on SOC of soil aggregates
1.7 Purposes of the study
2 Materials and methods
2.1 Description of experimental sites and design
2.1.1 Wuxue site
2.1.2 Jingzhou site
2.1.3 Whan site
2.2 Crop management
2.3 Soil sampling
2.4 Water-stable aggregate separation and determination
2.5 Analytical methods and calculations
2.5.1 Initial soil characterization
2.5.2 Soil organic carbon and labile C fractions
13C NMR Spectra analysis"> 2.5.3 CPMAS 13C NMR Spectra analysis
2.5.4 Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy analysis
2.5.5 Carbon content analysis by SEM/EDX
2.5.6 SOC stocks quantification
2.5.7 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
2.6 Statistical analysis
3 Results
3.1 Effects of straw returning on SOC and labile C fractions
3.1.1 Soil organic carbon （SOC）
3.1.2 Microbial biomass carbon （MBC）
3.1.3 Dissolved organic carbon （DOC）
3.1.4 Particulate organic carbon （POC）
3.1.5 Easily oxidizable carbon （EOC）
3.2 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
3.3 Effects of straw returning on soil organic carbon stocks
3.4 Effects of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
3.5 Water stable aggregates and their stability indices
3.6 Effects of straw returning on SOC contents in aggregates
3.7 Effect of straw returning on the structure of soil aggregates
3.8 C content analysis by SEM/EDX
3.9 Correlations of SOC with C fractions, aggregates and chemical composition
3.9.1 Correlations among SOC, C fractions and SCMI
3.9.2 Relationships of SOC with different soil aggregates
3.9.3 Relationships among C fractions and chemical composition
3.9.4 Relationships of aggregates with chemical composition of SOC
4 Discussion
4.1 Effect of straw returning on SOC contents and stocks
4.2 Effect of straw returning on SOC organic C fractions
4.3 Effect of straw returning on soil carbon management index （SCMI）
4.4 Effect of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
4.5 Relationship among SOC, C fractions and chemical composition
4.6 Effects of straw returning on soil water stable aggregates
4.7 Relationship between soil organic carbon and soil aggregates
5 Conclusion and novelty of study
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Novelty of study
6 Future perspectives
7 Publications
7.1 Papers and Abstracts relating to this work
7.2 Other papers
References
Acknowledgements
本文编号：2919468
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