农田异质性对地上昆虫生物多样性和功能多样性的影响
发布时间：2021-08-26 13:45
农业的迅速发展和集约化改变群落组成,破坏生态系统服务,但鉴于高数量的人口和他们的食物需求,这也是不可避免的。因此,实施既能提供充足粮食又能保护生态系统服务和生物多样性的可持续农业实践至关重要。农业生态学有一个主要发现:在靠近农业区域的地方保留一些自然植被可以保护生物多样性;然而,为了保持这种植被,农民必须放弃在他们所有的土地上种植作物,并付出一定的经济代价。另一种观点是,作物的异质性可能会对生物多样性产生积极影响,因为异质性通常包含更广的生态位。因此,在相对较小的作物田地里种植大量作物,并有大量的农田边缘（包括一些非作物植被区）,是保护生物多样性的一种潜在策略。然而,尽管研究支持了农田边缘与小块农田和生物多样性之间的联系,但很少有研究表明作物组成异质性（作物类型的数量和均匀性）和组织多样性之间存在直接联系。该研究调查了作物异质性对昆虫群落多样性（基于分类的物种多样性）和功能多样性的影响。研究区域位于中国广西壮族自治区,是中国主要的糖类和亚热带果蔬生产地。这项研究抽样调查了省会南宁周边农业地区己有的52个生物多样性监测点。我选择研究以下四组益虫,即膜翅目（蜜蜂/胡峰）、鳞翅目（蝴蝶）、蜻...
【文章来源】：广西大学广西壮族自治区 211工程院校
【文章页数】：78 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1:Introduction and study background
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Measuring heterogeneity
1.4. Responses of different taxa to landscape structure
1.4.1. Bees
1.4.2. Butterflies
1.4.3. Carabid beetles
1.4.4. Odonates (dragonflies/damselflies)
1.4.5. Dung beetles
1.4.6. Birds
1.4.7. Plants
Chapter 2: Study design and major findings
2.1 Study region
2.2. Study site selection
2.3. Establishment of transects
2.4. Insect group selection and sampling
2.5. Insect identification
2.6. Local scale environmental data
2.7. Landscape-scate environmental data
2.8. Statistical analys
2.8.1. Farmland heterogeneity quantification
2.8.2. Analytical variables
2.8.3. Mathematical modeling
2.8.3.1. R packages and model averaging
2.8.3.2. Random forest models
Chapter 3: Results
3.1. Site characteristics
3.2. Insect data
3.3. Model results
Chapter 4. Discussion
4.1. Crop diversity promotes the diversty of decomposing and pest controlling Insects
4.2. Field margins promote diversity of flower visiting insects
4.3. Combination of different crop types promote overall insect diversity
4.4. Conclusion and management implications
References
Appendices
Appendix 1.Crop list for each season with percentage of site occupancies
Appendix 2A. Species check list of dung beetles
Appendix 2B. Species check list of bees and wasps
Appendix 2C. Species check list of dragonflies and damselflies
Appendix 2D. Species check list of butterflies
Acknowledgements
Papers published during degree study
本文编号：3364350
【文章来源】：广西大学广西壮族自治区 211工程院校
【文章页数】：78 页
【学位级别】：硕士
【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Chapter 1:Introduction and study background
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives of the study
1.3 Measuring heterogeneity
1.4. Responses of different taxa to landscape structure
1.4.1. Bees
1.4.2. Butterflies
1.4.3. Carabid beetles
1.4.4. Odonates (dragonflies/damselflies)
1.4.5. Dung beetles
1.4.6. Birds
1.4.7. Plants
Chapter 2: Study design and major findings
2.1 Study region
2.2. Study site selection
2.3. Establishment of transects
2.4. Insect group selection and sampling
2.5. Insect identification
2.6. Local scale environmental data
2.7. Landscape-scate environmental data
2.8. Statistical analys
2.8.1. Farmland heterogeneity quantification
2.8.2. Analytical variables
2.8.3. Mathematical modeling
2.8.3.1. R packages and model averaging
2.8.3.2. Random forest models
Chapter 3: Results
3.1. Site characteristics
3.2. Insect data
3.3. Model results
Chapter 4. Discussion
4.1. Crop diversity promotes the diversty of decomposing and pest controlling Insects
4.2. Field margins promote diversity of flower visiting insects
4.3. Combination of different crop types promote overall insect diversity
4.4. Conclusion and management implications
References
Appendices
Appendix 1.Crop list for each season with percentage of site occupancies
Appendix 2A. Species check list of dung beetles
Appendix 2B. Species check list of bees and wasps
Appendix 2C. Species check list of dragonflies and damselflies
Appendix 2D. Species check list of butterflies
Acknowledgements
Papers published during degree study
本文编号：3364350
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