基于CAN总线的汽车大容量数据采集与监测系统研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 17:23

本文关键词：基于CAN总线的汽车大容量数据采集与监测系统研究　出处：《重庆大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着电子信息技术在汽车上的大量运用,汽车数据采集与状态监测成为汽车研发、生产和驾驶过程中的重要环节。通过对汽车数据的采集与分析,能够对汽车部件的故障进行预防与排除;能够了解用户的驾驶习惯,提供驾车辅助和危险提醒;能够对汽车位置与车身关键信息进行监测,获取汽车运行状况。在国家863项目“双离合自动变速器产业化技术开发”的支持下,论文研究了基于CAN总线的汽车大容量数据采集与监测系统,主要研究内容如下:(1)论文根据双离合自动变速器(DCT)实验要求,分析了汽车大容量数据采集与监测系统的基本需求、扩展需求和应用软件需求,提出了该系统的设计方案。该方案包括终端、无线网络和应用软件三部分。其中,终端从汽车CAN总线采集实时数据并校验存储,同时将关键数据压缩后发送到无线网络;无线网络分为无线传感网络和运营商网络,为数据提供无线传输的通路;应用软件通过无线接口或USB获取并处理数据,同时对汽车进行监测。(2)设计了终端系统的硬件与软件方案,包括终端硬件选型、处理器软件设计、CAN数据采集软件设计、数据存储软件设计和USB数据传输软件设计。针对传统通过传感器进行数据采集可靠性低的问题,设计了数据接收策略和自定义数据帧组织方法,保证了数据的实时性和可靠性;针对存储地址掉电易失的问题,设计了基于LPC1768和STC89C52的主协处理器模式,利用闪存(NAND Flash)和RAM进行备份存储,以保证存储地址的正确性。(3)针对汽车数据在大容量NAND Flash存储过程中存在坏块的问题,提出了自适应错误检查和纠正算法(ECC),设计了坏块管理、数据精确定位方法,解决了数据因写入坏块而出错的问题,保证大容量数据存储的正确性。针对汽车数据量大和无线传输带宽受限的矛盾,提出了一种自定义帧格式数据的无损压缩方案,在保证传输有效性的情况下降低了无线传感网络功耗和运营商网络流量资费,更适合自定义帧格式汽车数据的压缩。(4)设计了系统应用软件,实现了数据导出、数据转换、波形显示、地图定位等功能,可用于分析汽车数据和监测汽车位置、车速等关键信息。(5)将开发的基于CAN总线的汽车大容量数据采集与监测系统应用到重庆青山工业有限责任公司的DCT实验。实验结果显示,该系统能实时采集与存储汽车数据,应用软件能有效分析数据并对汽车进行监测,达到需要的功能要求。
[Abstract]:With the large use of electronic information technology in automobiles, auto data acquisition and state monitoring have become an important link in the process of automobile R & D, production and driving. Through the collection and analysis of vehicle data, we can prevent and exclude the faults of automobile components. We can understand users' driving habits, provide driving assistance and danger warning, monitor the key information of vehicle position and body and get the running status of automobiles. In the National 863 project "dual clutch automatic transmission industry technology development", this paper studies the CAN bus and large capacity data acquisition and monitoring system based on the main research contents are as follows: (1) according to the dual clutch automatic transmission (DCT) experiment, analyzes the basic requirements of automobile, large capacity the data acquisition and monitoring system for the expansion needs and requirements of the application software, puts forward the design scheme of the system. The scheme consists of three parts: terminal, wireless network and application software. Among them, real-time data acquisition and storage terminal check from CAN bus, while the key data compression and sent to the wireless network; wireless network consists of wireless sensor network and network operators, provide access for wireless transmission of data; application software through the wireless interface or USB data acquiring and processing, at the same time to monitor the car. (2) design the hardware and software solutions of the terminal system, including hardware selection, processor software design, CAN data acquisition software design, data storage software design and USB data transmission software design. Aiming at the problem of low reliability of data acquisition through the sensor, the design of the data receiving strategy and custom data frame organization method, guarantee the real-time and reliability of data for storage; address problems electrical nonvolatile, design LPC1768 and STC89C52 main coprocessor model based on the use of flash memory (NAND Flash) backup storage and RAM, in order to ensure the correctness of the storage address. (3) for the automotive data exist bad block problem in large capacity NAND Flash memory process, the adaptive error checking and correction algorithm (ECC), the design of the bad block management, data accurate positioning method, solves the data because of the bad block and write the problem of error, ensure the correctness of large capacity data storage. According to the large amount of data and the limited bandwidth of wireless transmission between proposed lossless compression scheme of a custom data frame format, in ensuring the transmission efficiency reduces the power consumption of wireless sensor network operators and network flow rates, more suitable for the custom frame format of data compression. (4) designed the system application software, realized data export, data conversion, waveform display, map location and other functions. It can be used to analyze the key information of vehicle data and monitor vehicle location and speed. (5) the vehicle large capacity data acquisition and monitoring system based on CAN bus is applied to the DCT experiment of the Chongqing Qingshan industrial limited liability company. The experimental results show that the system can collect and store vehicle data in real time, and the application software can effectively analyze the data and monitor the car to achieve the required functional requirements.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.6

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