AEB与可逆预紧安全带联合作用下乘员保护性能研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 14:05

本文关键词：AEB与可逆预紧安全带联合作用下乘员保护性能研究　出处：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着汽车安全性要求的日益提高,以及主被动安全技术的不断发展,产生了“预碰撞安全系统”(Pre-crash safety technology)的概念,自动紧急制动系统(Autonomous Emergency Braking System,AEB)和可逆预紧安全带装置(Reversible Pretension Seatbelt)被认为是预碰撞安全系统的两项重要内容。虽然AEB可以避免碰撞或者降低碰撞强度,但同时也会导致乘员身体前倾离位,碰撞一旦发生,这种离位降低了约束系统的保护效能,可能会增加乘员损伤风险,尤其是当乘员的初始坐姿便处于离位状态。而可逆预紧安全带装置能在碰撞前提供一个反方向的力约束住乘员,两者结合能为乘员提供更加有效的保护。但是目前国内对于应用AEB和可逆预紧安全带装置对不同坐姿乘员保护效果的研究还比较少,尤其是在AEB的作用下,可逆预紧安全带装置与爆炸预紧装置以及安全气囊的参数匹配研究更是十分缺乏。基于此,本文利用仿真的方法研究了在AEB和可逆预紧联合作用下对正常和离位坐姿乘员的保护效果,以及约束系统的参数匹配优化。本文的主要工作和研究内容如下:1、建立增加了AEB和可逆预紧安全带装置的驾驶员侧乘员约束系统正面碰撞仿真模型,并应用主动人体模型。在正常坐姿的基础上,另外建立直立OOP01,前移直立OOP02,左倾OOP03,右倾OOP04四种离位乘员约束系统仿真模型。2、以五种坐姿乘员为研究对象,分别对比无AEB无可逆预紧,有AEB无可逆预紧,以及有AEB有可逆预紧三种情况下乘员的位移和损伤,探究在AEB和可逆预紧安全带装置联合作用下对不同坐姿乘员的保护效果。3、以正常坐姿乘员为研究对象,将试验设计,Kriging代理模型以及第二代多目标遗传算法相结合,进行约束系统多目标优化,并利用加权损伤指标WIC选择最优匹配方案。最后,将碰撞强度增大到64km/h,验证最优解的鲁棒性。4、通过五种坐姿下的Pareto最优解集,得到不同坐姿乘员约束系统参数匹配的最优构型并分析其特征,并对不同坐姿约束系统最优构型下乘员损伤情况进行分析。论文研究表明:在只有AEB的作用下,碰撞发生后会增加乘员的离位,当初始坐姿为离位状态时更加严重,导致局部损伤增加,尤其是胸部损伤。在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下,各种坐姿下由AEB导致的离位得到改善,对于前移直立坐姿OOP02和左倾坐姿OOP03还能起到纠正初始离位的作用,各部位损伤指标和损伤风险也明显降低,初始离位越严重的,损伤风险降低越明显。对正常及离位坐姿的乘员约束系统进行多目标优化后,离位程度越严重,优化效果越明显。IP到OOP04坐姿WIC的降幅依次为6.73%、10.59%、21.58%、10.70%、20.33%。本文得到的可逆预紧参数、爆炸预紧参数以及安全气囊参数在不同初始坐姿下的最优匹配,为安全带可逆预紧技术应用以及自适应乘员约束系统的设计开发提供指导。
[Abstract]:With the increasing requirements of vehicle safety, and the continuous development of active and passive safety technology. The concept of a "pre-crash safety technology" has emerged. Autonomous Emergency Braking System. Reversible Pretension SeatbeltReversible Pretension seatbeltReversible Pretension seatbelt). It is considered to be two important aspects of pre-collision safety systems, although AEB can avoid collisions or reduce collision intensity. But at the same time, it will also cause the occupants to lean forward. Once the collision occurs, the protection efficiency of the constraint system will be reduced, which may increase the risk of crew damage. Especially when the occupant's initial sitting position is in an off-position position, and the reversible pretightening seat belt device can provide a force in the opposite direction to restrain the occupant before the collision. The combination of the two can provide more effective protection for the occupants, but at present, there is little research on the effect of AEB and reversible pre-fastening seatbelt devices on the protection of passengers in different sitting positions. Especially under the action of AEB, the research on parameter matching of reversible preload seat belt device, explosion preload device and airbag is very lacking. In this paper, the protective effects of AEB and reversible preload on normal and detached occupants are studied by means of simulation. The main work and research contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The frontal impact simulation model of driver side passenger restraint system with the addition of AEB and reversible preload seat belt is established. On the basis of the normal sitting posture, we also established the upright OOP01, the forward upright OOP02and the left-leaning OOP03. The simulation model of four kinds of off-position crew constraint system of right tilting OOP04. 2. Take five kinds of sitting position occupants as the research object, compare no reversible pretightening without AEB and no reversible pre-tightening with AEB respectively. As well as the displacement and damage of the occupants under the condition of reversible preload with AEB, the protective effect of AEB and the reversible preload seat belt device on the occupants in different sitting positions was explored. 3. Taking the normal sitting crew as the research object, the experimental design of Kriging agent model and the second generation multi-objective genetic algorithm are combined to carry out multi-objective optimization of constrained system. The weighted damage index WIC is used to select the optimal matching scheme. Finally, the collision intensity is increased to 64km / h to verify the robustness of the optimal solution. Finally, the Pareto optimal solution set is obtained under five sitting positions. The optimal configuration of the constraint system with different sitting positions is obtained and its characteristics are analyzed. The damage of the occupants under the optimal configuration of different sitting position constrained systems is analyzed. The results show that under the action of AEB, the departure of the occupants will be increased after the collision. When the initial sitting position is out of position, it is more serious, leading to the increase of local injury, especially the chest injury. Under the combined action of AEB and reversible preload, the AEB induced displacement in various sitting positions is improved. OOP02 and OOP03 can also correct the initial position, and the damage index and the injury risk are also reduced obviously. The more serious the initial position is, the more serious the initial position is. The more obvious the reduction of injury risk, the more serious the degree of deviation is after the multi-objective optimization of the normal and off-position passenger restraint system. The decrease of WIC from .IP to OOP04 was 6.7310. 59and 21.58%, respectively. 20.33. the optimal matching of reversible preload parameters, explosion pretightening parameters and airbag parameters in different initial sitting positions is obtained. It provides guidance for the application of safety belt reversible preloading technology and the design and development of adaptive occupant restraint system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467.14

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