行人下肢高精度数值模型与损伤参数研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 21:26

本文关键词：行人下肢高精度数值模型与损伤参数研究　出处：《湖南大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了深入研究汽车-行人碰撞过程中下肢的生物力学响应和损伤机理,基于人体解剖学结构建立了具有完整下肢组织结构和高仿生精度的成年男性行人下肢有限元模型.包括股骨、胫骨、腓骨、髌骨等下肢骨骼以及皮肤、肌肉、韧带、关节囊、半月板等重要软组织.针对长骨骨干断面几何不均匀的特征,提出以CT断面影像数据为依据,建立以真实皮质骨内外表面为边界实现皮质骨断面厚度和形状连续变化的长骨数值模型,对不同建模方式进行了对比,采用两层实体单元模拟皮质骨以获得相对较高的计算精度和计算效率.通过模拟相关生物力学实验,获得了行人下肢各部位的损伤参数,分析了皮质骨厚度变化以及不同撞击方向对下肢损伤参数和损伤机理的影响.上述损伤参数的获得可为我国汽安全性设计提供参考.
[Abstract]:In order to study the biomechanical response and damage mechanism of lower limbs during vehicle-pedestrian collision. Based on the human anatomical structure, a finite element model of adult male pedestrian lower extremities with complete lower limb tissue structure and high biomimetic accuracy was established, including femur, tibia, fibula, patella and other lower limb bones, skin and muscle. Ligament, joint capsule, meniscus and other important soft tissues. According to the geometric heterogeneity of the long bone diaphysis, the CT image data are proposed. A numerical model of long bone with the inner and outer surface of cortical bone as the boundary to realize the continuous change of the thickness and shape of the cortical bone section was established and the different modeling methods were compared. A two-layer solid unit was used to simulate the cortical bone in order to obtain a relatively high computational accuracy and efficiency. By simulating biomechanical experiments, the injury parameters of each part of the lower extremities of pedestrians were obtained. The changes of cortical bone thickness and the effects of different impact directions on the injury parameters and mechanism of lower extremities were analyzed. The above damage parameters can be used as a reference for the design of steam safety in China.
【作者单位】：华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院;广东省汽车工程重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51375170) 广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2015A030313213)~~
【分类号】：U467.14
【正文快照】： 中国是交通事故死亡人数最多的国家.相对于汽车乘员,行人是道路使用者中的弱势群体.据世界卫生组织统计,中国行人死亡人数占交通事故死亡人数的26%,而美国只占11%,德国为14%[1].由此可见,中国在行人安全方面与发达国家还存在较大的差距.如何避免和降低交通事故中行人的死伤,是

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