某商用车驾驶室液压翻转系统研发

发布时间：2018-01-21 08:28

本文关键词： 商用车驾驶室液压翻转机构悬置　出处：《青岛理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,国内主要商用车制造厂生产的卡车驾驶室已经平头化,发动机基本都布置于驾驶室的正下方。且为了增加驾驶室的密封性和提高驾驶室整体的强度,除双排车型外,单排和排半车型的驾驶室白车身地板基本都设计为整体式结构。为了便于发动机的检修保养,需将驾驶室设计为前翻转结构。对于重量较大的中重型卡车,翻转机构基本都采用液压式翻转机构。液压式翻转机构上的重要部件是前后悬置支座及液压传动系统,前后悬置支座的强度好坏直接影响系统的使用寿命,甚至影响到驾驶人员的行车安全,同时也是影响驾驶室内人员驾乘舒适性的重要零部件。随着汽车工业的高速发展,人们对汽车质量的要求越来越高,尤其是随着人们生活水平的提高,对卡车的需求及关注点已经不仅仅是用以载货,对卡车的质量要求,以及对驾乘车辆的安全性以及舒适性都有了很大的提高,这对汽车企业来说,不断提升车辆质量,快速而高效,可靠而又低成本的进行产品设计,成为企业提升竞争力的重要途径。翻转系统传统的设计计算方法已经无法满足现代设计的要求。电子计算机的出现以及有限元法的飞速发展为汽车零部件结构的设计,以及零部件性能的计算分析带来了新的革命。通过有限元分析方法对翻转机构进行应力分析,对提高各部分零部件的性能,增强市场竞争力等都具有十分重要的意义。本文针对某中型卡车驾驶室,根据驾驶室翻转时的实际工作状况,及车架和驾驶室的尺寸,对翻转系统进行结构设计。对关键零部件前悬置支座进行优化设计及强度分析。在有限元软件Hypermesh中建立了前悬置支座的有限元模型,并导入有限元分析软件ABAQUS中,对前悬置支座施加相应的边界条件和载荷条件,进行了静力学分析。最后对该液压系统进行了为期五个月的装车路试,对翻转机构及前悬置支座的各种性能进行了综合试验研究,验证了本文对翻转机构设计和有限元分析的正确性。该课题研究,较为系统地完成了液压翻转机构和前悬置支座的设计和有限元静力学分析,应用三维结构设计软件和有限元分析软件进行了优化设计,使该套液压翻转系统较好的满足了该车的使用,避免了后期大量的设计改进工作,缩短了产品开发周期,降低了产品研发成本,提升了产品竞争力。所用的三维设计方法和有限元分析过程能应用于其它车型翻转机构的相关研究,并提供一定的经验积累。该课题对前悬置支座相关尺寸的进一步优化及振动模态的研究具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:At present, the truck cab produced by the main commercial vehicle manufacturers in China has been flattened, and the engines are basically arranged directly below the cab, and in order to increase the tightness of the cab and enhance the overall strength of the cab. In addition to the double-row car models, the one-row and half-line cab white body floor is basically designed for the integral structure. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the engine. The cab needs to be designed as a front flip structure. For heavy trucks with heavy weights. The main components of the hydraulic overturning mechanism are the front and rear mounting support and the hydraulic transmission system. The strength of the front and rear mounting supports directly affects the service life of the system. Even affect the driving safety of drivers, but also affect the driving comfort of cab personnel important parts. With the rapid development of the automobile industry, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of cars. Especially with the improvement of people's standard of living, the demand and concern of trucks is not only used to load goods, but also the quality requirements of trucks, as well as the safety and comfort of vehicles have been greatly improved. This is to the automobile enterprise, unceasingly enhances the vehicle quality, fast and efficient, reliable but the low cost carries on the product design. The traditional design and calculation method of flipping system can not meet the requirements of modern design. The appearance of computer and the rapid development of finite element method become the structure of automobile parts. Design. The calculation and analysis of the performance of the parts bring a new revolution. The finite element analysis method is used to analyze the stress of the flip mechanism to improve the performance of each part of the parts. It is very important to enhance the competitiveness of the market. According to the actual working condition of the cab and the dimensions of the frame and cab, this paper aims at the cab of a medium truck. The structure of the flip system is designed. The optimization design and strength analysis of the front mount of key parts are carried out. The finite element model of the front mount is established in the finite element software Hypermesh. The finite element analysis software ABAQUS was introduced to apply the corresponding boundary condition and load condition to the front mount, and the statics analysis was carried out. Finally, a five-month road loading test of the hydraulic system was carried out. A comprehensive experimental study on the performance of the flip mechanism and the front mount is carried out, which verifies the correctness of the design and finite element analysis of the flip mechanism in this paper. The design and finite element static analysis of hydraulic flip mechanism and front mount support are completed systematically, and the optimization design is carried out by using 3D structure design software and finite element analysis software. The hydraulic flip system can satisfy the use of the vehicle, avoid a lot of design improvement work, shorten the product development cycle, and reduce the cost of product research and development. The 3D design method and the finite element analysis process can be applied to other vehicle turnover mechanism research. This subject has certain reference value for the further optimization of the relevant dimensions of the front mount and the study of the vibration modes.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.81

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