某重型清障车托臂和下车结构分析与改进

发布时间：2018-03-13 17:18

本文选题：清障车　切入点：有限元分析　出处：《燕山大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：清障车作为一款使道路安全畅通的专用车辆,主要用于拖救违章停靠或发生故障的车辆,因其具有及时疏通交通的功能而被广泛应用于高速公路和繁华市区。然而,国内清障车的设计一般采用传统方法,对于一些复杂结构,通常采用简化模型进行粗略计算,计算结果很难反映产品真实的应力状态,这就使产品存在一定的安全隐患。因此,本文以重型清障车为研究对象,运用有限元方法对清障车托臂和下车进行了结构分析和改进。首先,建立了清障车工作装置的力学模型,计算了在典型工况下上车和托臂结构的铰点力、液压缸力和臂体危险截面应力等,并对主要铰点和液压缸的设计尺寸进行了强度校核。其次,利用ANSYS软件建立了清障车的参数化有限元模型,并对托臂和下车分析模型进行静力学有限元分析。根据强度和刚度分析结果对托臂和下车不满足要求的部件进行结构改进和臂体优化,并对前支腿滑块材料、滑块安装位置以及滑块结构尺寸对臂体的影响进行了深入研究。最后,对托臂和下车进行了应力测试,将测试结果与有限元分析结果进行对比,并分析了测试结果与分析结果误差存在的原因,验证了有限元模型处理和分析的正确性。本课题的研究使道路清障车的结构设计更为合理,也为重型道路清障车的结构设计提供了相关依据。
[Abstract]:As a special vehicle for making roads safe and unblocked, obstacle clearing vehicles are mainly used for towing vehicles that stop or break down in violation of regulations. They are widely used in freeways and bustling urban areas because of their function of clearing traffic in time. The traditional method is usually used in the design of the obstacle clearing vehicle in China. For some complex structures, the simplified model is usually used for rough calculation. The calculation results are very difficult to reflect the true stress state of the product, which makes the product have a certain safety hazard. In this paper, the structure analysis and improvement of heavy obstacle clearing vehicle are carried out by using finite element method. Firstly, the mechanical model of the working device of obstacle clearing vehicle is established. The hinge point force, hydraulic cylinder force and dangerous cross section stress of the arm body are calculated under typical working conditions, and the strength of the main hinge points and the design dimensions of the cylinder are checked. The parameterized finite element model of obstacle clearing vehicle is established by using ANSYS software. According to the results of strength and stiffness analysis, the structure improvement and arm body optimization of the supporting arm and the parts that do not meet the requirements are carried out, and the material of the front leg slider is also analyzed. The influence of the installation position of the slider and the structural size of the slider on the arm body is studied in depth. Finally, the stress test of the supporting arm and the drop off vehicle is carried out, and the results are compared with the results of the finite element analysis. The causes of the error between the test results and the analysis results are analyzed, and the correctness of the finite element model processing and analysis is verified. The research of this subject makes the structure design of the road obstacle clearing vehicle more reasonable. It also provides the relevant basis for the structural design of heavy road obstacle clearing vehicle.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.6

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