基于传递路径分析的乘用车辆路面噪声成因分析与控制措施研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 01:37

本文选题：乘用车　切入点：路面噪声　出处：《长安大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会以及汽车产业的发展,汽车已经不再是简单的交通工具,人们对车辆乘坐环境的舒适性,尤其对整车的振动噪声性能提出更高的要求,根据我国居民车辆使用状况,乘用车主要以中低速运行为主,由路面不平度激励引起的车内噪声成为影响乘坐舒适性的主要因素,由于我国研究汽车NVH(Noise、Vibration、Harshness)问题起步较晚,目前没有建立一套完整的技术体系解决乘用车路面噪声问题,因此,研究乘用车路面噪声的成因与控制措施,具有重要的工程意义。本文在研究乘用车路面噪声特征的基础上,提出了路面噪声主要表现为车辆以中低速行驶时车内的中低频噪声,以国内某主机厂SUV(Sport Utility Vehicle)为研究对象,评价其车内噪声并指出问题频率,通过主成分分析和工作变形分析指出问题结构,建立轮胎到车内噪声的传递路径模型,根据路径贡献量分析结果提出控制措施,最后通过实车道路试验验证改进方案的有效性。对引起乘用车辆路面噪声的因素进行研究。根据车内目标点声压的解耦分析,确定车内峰值噪声的主要贡献系统,建立系统的工作变形分析模型,从系统在特定频率下的变形动画图上分析部件的运动特性。对轮胎结构噪声传递路径的贡献量进行深入研究,建立轮胎传递路径模型,通过试验测试获取模型参数,以VC++为平台设计模型的计算系统,采用逆矩阵法识别耦合点的激励力,依据TPA(Transfer Path Analysis)理论拟合出车内声压与实测声压比对,验证模型精度,并分析每一条路径的贡献量。基于传递路径贡献量分析结果,提出了车内噪声控制思路,结合模态测试结果和厂家要求制定了后副车架改进方案。试制了动态吸振器样件并进行了模态试验的验证,确认吸振器的设计目标,然后将样件安装在副车架上进行了道路试验,通过与原车状态的比对来检验方案的有效性和传递路径分析模型的精确性。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and automobile industry, automobile is no longer a simple means of transportation. People put forward higher requirements for the comfort of vehicle ride environment, especially for the vibration and noise performance of the whole vehicle. Passenger cars mainly run at medium and low speeds, and the internal noise caused by road roughness is the main factor that affects ride comfort. Because of the problem of NVH NoiseVibrationHarshnessin our country, the problem of NVHN NoiseVibration-Harshnesshas started relatively late in our country. At present, there is not a complete set of technical system to solve the problem of passenger vehicle pavement noise. Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to study the causes and control measures of passenger vehicle pavement noise. It is put forward that the road noise is mainly the middle and low frequency noise in the vehicle when the vehicle is driving at medium and low speed. Taking SUV(Sport Utility vehicle of a mainframe factory in China as the research object, the noise inside the vehicle is evaluated and the problem frequency is pointed out. Through principal component analysis and working deformation analysis, the problem structure is pointed out, and the transfer path model of tire to vehicle interior noise is established, and the control measures are put forward according to the result of path contribution analysis. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved scheme is verified by the actual vehicle road test. The factors causing the road noise of the passenger vehicle are studied. According to the decoupling analysis of the sound pressure at the target point in the vehicle, the main contribution system of the peak noise in the vehicle is determined. The working deformation analysis model of the system is established, and the motion characteristics of the components are analyzed from the deformation animation diagram of the system at a specific frequency. The contribution of the tire structure noise transfer path is studied in depth, and the tire transfer path model is established. The model parameters are obtained by test, and the calculation system is designed with VC as the platform. The excitation force of the coupling point is identified by inverse matrix method. According to the theory of TPA(Transfer Path Analysis, the sound pressure inside the vehicle is fitted to compare the measured sound pressure with the measured sound pressure, and the accuracy of the model is verified. Based on the results of the analysis of the contribution of each path, the idea of noise control in the vehicle is put forward. Combined with the results of modal test and the requirements of manufacturers, the improvement scheme of rear sub-frame was worked out. The dynamic vibration absorber samples were manufactured and the modal tests were carried out to confirm the design objectives of the vibration absorbers. Then the sample is installed on the subframe to carry out the road test. The validity of the scheme and the accuracy of the transfer path analysis model are verified by comparing it with the original vehicle status.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467.493

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