汽车紧固螺母自动检测分选机设计

发布时间：2018-04-04 01:45

本文选题：螺母检测　切入点：STM32　出处：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文研发了一款以STM32单片机为核心的汽车紧固螺母自动检测分选机,该分选机是根据厂家实际检测需要设计的,该检测方法较以往的检测原理不同,采用位移传感器测量螺母参数,通过单片机控制阀门,从而控制气缸运动。测量时将被测件推入测量区域,通过两个位移传感器分别测量中径和高度,将测量值与标准件参数比较,判断合格与否。合格品顺轨道滑下,检测到不合格品时底部两个滑块在气路控制下向两侧滑动,不合格件落入底部槽中,从而做到合格品、次品自动分开。该分选机具有人工工作量小、操作简单、检测时间短、可全天无间断测量以及合格、不合格元件分开等优点。本论文首先概括总结了汽车紧固件的重要性和发展情况,对螺母分选机做了简单的概述,并对螺纹检测的发展,和不同检测技术进行了介绍；其次,针对汽车紧固螺母自动检测分选机系统的机械和气动结构设计进行了简要的阐述;然后,着重介绍了分选机的硬件与软件平台的设计研发。其中硬件设计部分介绍了系统所需要的电源模块、电控气动阀门控制模块、信号输入模块、安全模块、硬件按键防抖设计以及位置判断模块。软件设计部分使用C语言进行开发,主要包括主程序设计、AD采样单元程序设计、串口通信模块设计、中断模块设计、算法处理模块设计、按键单元程序设计和液晶显示单元程序设计。此外还针对电磁兼容设计进行阐述。最后对螺母自动检测分选机进行了测试实验,并对已知中径和高度的螺母进行反复多次测量,分析测试结果。结果表明：本课题研制的螺母自动检测分选机运行良好,工作稳定,满足设计需求。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a kind of automobile fastening nut automatic detection and sorting machine based on STM32 single chip microcomputer is developed. The sorting machine is designed according to the needs of the factory, and the detection method is different from the previous detection principle.The displacement sensor is used to measure the nut parameters and the valve is controlled by single chip microcomputer to control the cylinder motion.The measured part is pushed into the measuring area and the center diameter and height are measured by two displacement sensors respectively. The measured values are compared with the parameters of the standard parts to judge whether they are up to standard or not.When the qualified products slide down the track, the bottom two sliders slide to both sides under the control of the gas path, and the unqualified parts fall into the bottom groove, so that the qualified products and the substandard products are separated automatically.The separator has the advantages of small manual workload, simple operation, short detection time, all-day uninterrupted measurement, qualified and unqualified components separation and so on.In this paper, the importance and development of automobile fasteners are summarized, and the development of screw thread testing and different testing techniques are introduced.The design of the mechanical and pneumatic structure of the automatic testing and sorting system for the fastening nut of the automobile is briefly described, and then the design and development of the hardware and software platform of the separator are introduced emphatically.The hardware design part introduces the power module, the electronic control pneumatic valve control module, the signal input module, the security module, the hardware key anti-shake design and the position judgment module.The software design part uses C language to develop, including main program design, serial communication module design, interrupt module design, algorithm processing module design, main program design, AD sampling unit program design, serial communication module design, algorithm processing module design.Key unit program design and LCD unit program design.In addition, the electromagnetic compatibility design is described.Finally, the test experiment is carried out on the nut automatic testing and sorting machine, and the nuts with known center diameter and height are measured repeatedly, and the test results are analyzed.The results show that the automatic testing and sorting machine for nuts developed in this paper runs well and works stably and meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U468.2

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