汽车微颗粒物排放实时测试系统设计与实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:32

本文选题：汽车尾气排放 + 微颗粒物　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界各地雾霾天气的影响,人们对生活中PM(Particulate Matter)值的高低越来越关注,尤其是近年来不少专家指出细颗粒物PM2.5可以诱发支气管炎和心血管等方面的疾病,并将矛头直指城市道路中所行驶的机动车所排放的污染物,这样的声音这也得到了业内专家的高度重视,经过大量研究得出的结果表明,机动车对环境污染的确有比较大的影响,这也说明在今后的发展生活中,城市在用汽车尾气检测将受到高度的重视。而现阶段机动车尾气检测方法正逐步向实时测量、携带方便、价格低廉、测量准确等方向发展,这时应用光散射法测量机动车排放颗粒物浓度的分析仪便体现出其得天独厚的优势。本文选用MAHA MET6.3微颗粒物分析仪测量颗粒物浓度及污染物分布特征,主要进行了以下研究:(1)通过对Mie散射理论的基本公式、强度函数及Mie散射的近似等的计算,对光散射法在机动车颗粒物排放检测方面应用的可行性进行研究。(2)以城市道路典型汽车排放检测系统为基础,增加检测微颗粒物排放的功能,搭建以微颗粒物排放检测为核心的综合检测系统,从汽油车和柴油车测试两个方面规划了工作技术路线,绘制了技术路线图,重点阐述了测试系统排放因子的归纳方法,并应用VB程序开发微颗粒物测试平台。(3)利用MAHA MET 6.3微颗粒物分析仪和五气分析仪并联检测微颗粒物浓度,选取典型试验车型、完成包括汽油车的双怠速工况、简易瞬态工况及柴油车的自由加速工况等,然后通过对所得过程数据的整合分析,绘制出每个工况法下汽车的尾气排放特征,并以图表的形式表现,最后根据不同类型车辆的不同排放特征,对结果加以分析和预测,结果表明,所得实验数据与实际基本相符。
[Abstract]:With the influence of haze weather around the world, people pay more and more attention to the value of PM(Particulate matter in life, especially in recent years, many experts have pointed out that fine particulate matter PM2.5 can induce bronchitis and cardiovascular diseases. And direct the spearhead to the pollutants emitted by motor vehicles driving on urban roads. This sound has also been highly valued by industry experts. After a large number of studies, the results show that, Motor vehicles do have a great impact on environmental pollution, which also shows that in the future development of life, the detection of vehicle exhaust in cities will be highly valued. At the present stage, vehicle exhaust detection methods are gradually developing towards real-time measurement, easy to carry, low price, accurate measurement, and so on. At this time, the application of light scattering method to measure the concentration of particulates emitted from motor vehicles shows its unique advantage. In this paper, MAHA MET6.3 microparticle analyzer is used to measure the concentration of particulate matter and the distribution of pollutants. The following studies are carried out: 1. The basic formula of Mie scattering theory, the intensity function and the approximate value of Mie scattering are calculated. The feasibility of the application of light scattering method in vehicle particulate emission detection is studied. (2) based on the typical vehicle emission detection system of urban roads, the function of detecting the emission of particulate matter is increased. A comprehensive detection system with micro-particle emission detection as the core is built. The working technical route is planned from two aspects of gasoline vehicle and diesel vehicle test, the technical roadmap is drawn, and the inductive method of emission factor of the test system is expounded emphatically. And using VB program to develop microparticle test platform .Y3) using MAHA MET 6.3 microparticle analyzer and five-gas analyzer to detect the concentration of microparticle in parallel, select typical test vehicle, complete the double idling working condition including gasoline vehicle. Simple transient conditions and free acceleration conditions of diesel vehicles, etc., then through the integration and analysis of the process data obtained, the characteristics of vehicle exhaust emissions under each working condition are drawn, and expressed in the form of charts. Finally, according to the different emission characteristics of different types of vehicles, the results are analyzed and forecasted. The results show that the experimental data are basically consistent with the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467.48

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