基于人机工学的汽车儿童安全座椅设计

发布时间：2018-05-20 11:29

本文选题：儿童安全座椅 + ECER/04　；参考：《华北电力大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济建设的不断深入,国民的生活水平有了大幅度的提高,汽车已经成为一种非常普遍的便利我们生活的交通工具,然而随着汽车保有量的不断增加,也带来了更多的交通事故,儿童乘车意外伤害问题也日益严峻。造成儿童意外伤害的一个重要原因是由于目前汽车内的安全设备和措施都是依照成年人的身体尺寸来设计的,并不能适合于儿童的身体规格,因而不能有效地保障儿童乘员的生命安全。实验证明,使用汽车儿童安全座椅能够较大幅度地降低儿童乘员在交通事故中的伤害,但我国对儿童安全座椅的使用率并不高,技术研究也不成熟,因此,对汽车儿童安全座椅的研究紧迫而必要。儿童身体各方面不同于成人,且处在不断地生长发育过程,因此,人机工学理论对儿童安全座椅的研究具有关键的指导意义。本文基于欧洲ECER/04法规和我国国标GB27887-2011,结合市场现有汽车儿童安全座椅基本功能,以保证儿童安全和舒适度为设计出发点,借助人机工学、情感设计、儿童损伤机理等理论的研究成果和方法,系统地分析儿童汽车安全座椅的形态设计,探寻出较为切合幼儿生理和心理诉求的设计方案。运用ProE建立汽车儿童安全座椅的三维模型,并对模型各零件的结构设计做出了说明。最后采用CATIA人机模块对座椅模型进行了视野、手伸域、姿态舒适度及生物力学的分析,得出了直观的分析结果。本论文的研究成果,为相关企业在儿童安全座椅产品设计阶段分析评价产品的人机性能提供了一种有效的方法。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of China's economic construction, the standard of living of the people has been greatly improved. Automobile has become a very common means of transportation to facilitate our life. However, with the increasing number of cars, Also brought more traffic accidents, children car accident injury problem is also increasingly serious. An important cause of accidental injuries to children is that the current safety devices and measures in cars are designed according to the size of adults and are not suitable for children's physical specifications. Therefore, the safety of child crew can not be effectively guaranteed. Experiments have proved that the use of car child safety seats can greatly reduce the injuries of child occupants in traffic accidents. However, the utilization rate of child safety seats in China is not high and the technical research is not mature, so, It is urgent and necessary to study the car child safety seat. Children are different from adults in various aspects and are in the process of continuous growth and development. Therefore, the theory of ergonomics plays a key role in the study of children's safety seats. Based on the European ECER/04 regulations and the national standard GB27887-2011, this paper combines the basic functions of the existing automobile children's safety seats in the market, taking the safety and comfort of the children as the starting point of the design, with the help of ergonomics, emotional design, and so on. Based on the research results and methods of the theory of child injury mechanism, this paper systematically analyzes the shape design of the car seat of children, and finds out a design scheme which is more suitable for the children's physiological and psychological demands. The three-dimensional model of automobile child seat is established by ProE, and the structural design of each part of the model is explained. Finally, the CATIA man-machine module is used to analyze the visual field, hand extension region, posture comfort and biomechanics of the seat model, and the intuitive analysis results are obtained. The research results of this paper provide an effective method for the related enterprises to analyze and evaluate the man-machine performance of the products during the design phase of the children's seat products.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.836

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