变截面薄板车身零部件的优化设计

发布时间：2018-06-01 16:15

本文选题：拼焊板 + 连续变截面薄板　；参考：《湖南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以某乘用车的前保险杠横梁和B柱为研究对象,旨在利用拼焊板技术(Tailor Welded Blanks,TWB)和连续变截面板技术(Tailor Rolling Blanks,TRB),结合优拉丁超立方试验及多目标离散和遗传算法的优化方法,对上述部件进行性能优化和轻量化设计,力求为变截面薄板在汽车零部件中的运用提供一定的指导意义。本文主要得出以下的研究成果:首先,在三点静压的工况下,离散优化后得到的拼焊板保险杠横梁的吸能量较等厚板横梁大幅提高,质量增加也得到有效控制;并且拼焊板横梁具有更好的变形模式和传递载荷特性,设计达到了性能提升和控制质量增加的要求;同时证明,多目标离散优化方法在拼焊板设计中的应用是可行、有效的,并且可以避免传统的优化方法在拼焊板优化中遇到的一些困难。其次,在部件质量大致相同的前提下,连续变截面薄板横梁与拼焊板横梁相比,连续变截面薄板横梁的吸能量、变形区域的延伸和传递载荷的性能的提升效果都不如拼焊板横梁;但另一方面,连续变截面薄板的制造成本要明显低于拼焊板横梁。因而,本文认为设计者应权衡性能提升和成本控制之间的关系,选取最符合需求的板材进行设计。最后,连续变截面薄板B柱与等厚板B柱相比,其质量有所减轻,侵入量和侵入速度也有小幅减小,达到轻量化的设计要求,也兼顾了耐撞性。同时,本文结合连续变截面薄板的制造过程,将得到的厚度曲线进行了直线拟合,为优化得到的厚度分布被直接用于生产制造提供了便利。本文认为,将拼焊板和连续变截面薄板技术运用到汽车零部件中可达到耐撞性和轻量化性能提升的效果;拼焊板和连续变截面薄板各有优势和缺陷,在实际生产中,应综合考虑两者的优劣及制造成本等因素。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the front bumper beam and B column of a passenger car are taken as the research object. The purpose of this paper is to use Tailor Welded Blanksn TWB (Tailor Welded Blanksn TWB) and continuous variable section plate (Tailor Rolling Blanksn TRBB), combined with the Hypercube test of Yoladin and the optimization method of multi-objective discretization and genetic algorithm. The performance optimization and lightweight design of the parts mentioned above are carried out in order to provide some guidance for the application of variable section thin plates in automobile parts. In this paper, the following research results are obtained: firstly, under the condition of three point static pressure, the energy absorption of the beam of TWB bumper obtained by discrete optimization is much higher than that of the beam with equal thickness plate, and the increase of mass is also effectively controlled; Moreover, the TWBS beam has better deformation mode and load transfer characteristics, and the design meets the requirements of improving performance and increasing control quality. At the same time, it is proved that the application of multi-objective discrete optimization method in TWB design is feasible and effective. And the traditional optimization method can avoid some difficulties encountered in the optimization of TWB. Secondly, under the premise of the same component mass, the energy absorption of the continuous variable section thin plate beam is higher than that of the welded plate beam. The extension of deformation area and the performance of load transfer are not as good as the TWB beam, but on the other hand, the manufacturing cost of the continuous variable cross-section thin plate is obviously lower than that of the TWB beam. Therefore, this paper argues that designers should balance the relationship between performance improvement and cost control, and select the most suitable plates for design. Finally, the mass of continuous thin-plate B column with variable cross section is reduced compared with that of equal thickness plate B column, and the invasion amount and invasion velocity are also slightly reduced, which meets the design requirements of lightweight and takes into account the crashworthiness. At the same time, according to the manufacturing process of continuous variable section thin plate, the obtained thickness curve is fitted in a straight line, which makes it convenient for the optimized thickness distribution to be directly used in manufacturing. In this paper, it is considered that the application of TWB and continuous variable cross-section thin plate technology to automobile parts can achieve the effect of improving crashworthiness and lightweight performance, and that TWBS and continuous variable cross-section sheet have respective advantages and disadvantages in actual production. The merits and demerits of the two and the manufacturing cost should be considered comprehensively.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.82

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