兼顾第五百分位女性驾驶员的约束系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 19:56

本文选题：被动安全 + 女性乘员　；参考：《江苏大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国机动车保有量的不断增加,女性驾驶员的数量也越来越多,女性驾驶员已经成为现代交通安全中不可忽视的一个重要群体。目前,2015版的E-NCAP(European-New Car Assessment Programme)增加了在驾驶员座位放置第五百分位女性假人的完全正面碰撞测试(Full Width Frontal Impact Testing)。众多车企也已经把研究兼顾女性驾驶员的约束系统作为目标,全社会对女性驾驶员安全性的关注正日益增加。在整个约束系统中,由于女性驾驶员的身材大小一般要小于男性驾驶员,使得大多数女性驾驶员更靠近方向盘,并且可以使用的约束系统布置空间也更小,从而在汽车发生碰撞的过程中,女性驾驶员受到的伤害程度往往会比男性驾驶员更为严重。在这种情况下,本文将着重对40%正面偏置碰撞中的女性驾驶员的安全性进行研究,并参考男性驾驶员的伤害值,最终得到兼顾男、女性驾驶员安全性的约束系统方案。本文主要的研究内容如下:1.参考了近年来的国内外研究女性乘员安全性的相关文献,对国内外女性乘员安全性的相关内容进行了总结与介绍,并进一步阐明了本课题的相关背景和研究意义。2.针对欧洲、美国、日本和我国女性乘员约束系统不同的碰撞法规,归纳并进行了总结,同时分析了女性乘员约束系统的准则及其具体的评价指标。3.介绍了计算机仿真软件MADYMO在汽车被动安全研究中的应用,并通过MADYMO软件建立了汽车40%偏置碰撞仿真模型,整个仿真模型包括:汽车车体、安全气囊、安全带、座椅和假人。最终建立了以第五百分位女性假人为驾驶员的约束系统模型。4.约束系统参数的分析,主要针对第五百分位女性驾驶员,分析了车体绕Y轴旋转角度曲线(改变最大旋转角度和改变旋转趋势)、绕Z轴旋转角度曲线(改变最大旋转角度和改变旋转趋势)、方向盘上下角度位置、方向盘前后位置、气囊排气孔直径、安全气囊安装角度、安全气囊四点钟与八点钟拉带长度、安全气囊点火时间和安全带限力等级对女性驾驶员伤害的影响,并选择以降低女性驾驶员的胸部和颈部伤害作为约束系统的优化目标。5.通过改进排气孔直径、安全带限力等级、气囊点火时间和安全气囊四点钟位置的拉带长度,增加了该约束系统对女性驾驶员胸部和颈部的保护,并参考男性驾驶员的伤害值,再次改进约束系统,使得女性驾驶员胸部压缩量,由初始伤害值32.802mm下降为30.602mm,下降百分比为6.71%,颈部弯矩伤害由初始伤害值12.734Nm下降为8.215Nm,下降百分比为35.49%,并最终使得该驾驶员约束系统可以有效的兼顾保护第五百分位女性乘员和第五十百分位男性乘员。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing number of motor vehicles in China, the number of female drivers has become more and more, and female drivers have become an important group in modern traffic safety. The 2015 E-NCAP European-New car Assessment program has added full width Frontal impact testing tests for the placement of the 500th quartile female dummy in the driver's seat. Many automobile companies have also made the research on the constraint system of female drivers as the goal. The whole society is paying more and more attention to the safety of female drivers. In the whole restraint system, because the female driver is generally smaller than the male driver, most female drivers are closer to the steering wheel, and the constraint system that can be used has smaller layout space. As a result, female drivers often suffer more harm than male drivers during vehicle collisions. In this case, this paper will focus on the study of the safety of 40% female drivers in the frontal bias collision, and refer to the injury value of male drivers, and finally get a constraint system scheme that takes into account the safety of both male and female drivers. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Referring to the domestic and foreign literature on the safety of female occupants in recent years, this paper summarizes and introduces the related contents of the safety of female occupants at home and abroad, and further clarifies the relevant background and significance of this topic. Aiming at the different collision laws and regulations of the female occupant restraint system in Europe, America, Japan and China, this paper summarizes and summarizes the criteria of the female occupant restraint system and its concrete evaluation index. This paper introduces the application of computer simulation software MADYMO in the research of vehicle passive safety, and establishes the 40% bias collision simulation model of automobile through MADYMO software. The whole simulation model includes: car body, airbag, seat belt, seat and dummy. Finally, a constraint system model with the 500 th quartile female dummy as the driver is established. The analysis of constraint system parameters is aimed at the 500th quartile female driver, The rotation angle curve of the body around Y axis (changing the maximum rotation angle and changing the rotation trend), the rotation angle curve around the Z axis (changing the maximum rotation angle and changing the rotation trend), the position of the upper and lower angles of the steering wheel, the position of the front and back of the steering wheel are analyzed. The influence of the diameter of the air bag exhaust hole, the installation angle of the airbag, the length of the airbag pulling belt at 04:00 and 08:00, the ignition time of the airbag and the force limit grade of the seat belt on the injury of female driver. And choose to reduce the female driver's chest and neck injury as the optimization objective of the constraint system. 5. By improving the diameter of the exhaust hole, the force limit grade of the seat belt, the ignition time of the airbag and the length of the pulling band at 04:00 position of the airbag, the protection of the restraint system for the chest and neck of the female driver is increased, and the injury value of the male driver is referenced. Once again improve the constraint system so that the female driver's chest compresses, From the initial injury value 32.802mm to 30.602mm, the decrease percentage is 6.71mm, the neck moment injury is reduced from the initial injury value 12.734Nm to 8.215Nm, and the drop percentage is 35.49nm. and finally, the driver restraint system can effectively protect the 500-quartile female. Sex crew and fifty percent male crew.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467.14

【相似文献】